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Ф g - 9тYVО& @ џўE1A12AAџў[97.307(e)]џўWhat is the maximum mean power permitted to any spurious emission from a transmitter or external RF power amplifier transmitting at a mean power greater than 25 watts on an amateur service VHF band?џў60 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emissionџў40 dB below the mean power of fundamental emissionџў10 microwattsџў25 microwatts€qb.і.! џ @ џўE1A11AAџў[97.307(d)]џўWhat is the maximum mean power permitted for any spurious emission from a transmitter or external RF power amplifier transmitting at a mean power less than 5 watts on an amateur service HF band?џў30 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emissionџў60 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emissionџў10 microwattsџў25 microwatts€qb*ђ.! џ .@ џўE1A10AAџў[97.307(d)]џўWhat is the maximum mean power permitted for any spurious emission from a transmitter or external RF power amplifier transmitting at a mean power of 5 watts or greater on an amateur service HF band?џўThe lesser of 50 milliwatts or 40 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emissionџў60 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emissionџў10 microwattsџўThe lesser of 25 microwatts or 40 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emissionы”…Mі.! џ @ џўE1A09ADџў[97.307(c)]џўWhat must an amateur station licensee do if a spurious emission from the station causes harmful interference to the reception of another radio station?џўPay a fine each time it happensџўSubmit a written explanation to the FCCџўForfeit the station license if it happens more than onceџўEliminate or reduce the interferenceqKшЧ.! џ &@џўE1A08AAџў[97.301(b)]џўWhich frequency bands contain two segments authorized to only control operators holding an Amateur Extra Class operator license, CEPT radio-amateur Class 1 license or Class 1 IARP?џў80/75, 20 and 15 metersџў40, 30 and 20 metersџў30, 20 and 17 metersџў30, 20 and 12 meters?)§ф.! џ @џўE1A07ABџў[97.301(b)]џўWithin the 20-meter band, what is the amount of spectrum authorized to only control operators holding an Amateur Extra Class operator license?џў25 kHzџў50 kHzџўNoneџў25 MHzмдЮЦО.! џ *@џўE1A06AAџў[97.301(b)]џўWhich frequency bands contain at least one segment authorized to only control operators holding an Amateur Extra Class operator license?џў80, 75, 40, 20 and 15 metersџў80, 40, and 20 metersџў75, 40, 30 and 10 metersџў160, 80, 40 and 20 meters"эжИ.! џ $@џўE1A05ACџў[97.301(b)]џўWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 15-meter band are authorized to Amateur Extra Class control operators?џў21.000-21.200 MHz and 21.250-21.270 MHzџў21.050-21.100 MHz and 21.150-21.175 MHzџў21.000-21.025 MHz and 21.200-21.225 MHzџў21.000-21.025 MHz and 21.250-21.275 MHzEѓЪЁ.! џ  @џўE1A04ADџў[97.301(b)]џўWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 20-meter band are authorized to Amateur Extra Class control operators?џў14.100-14.175 MHz and 14.150-14.175 MHzџў14.000-14.125 MHz and 14.250-14.300 MHzџў14.025-14.050 MHz and 14.100-14.150 MHzџў14.000-14.025 MHz and 14.150-14.175 MHzEѓЪЁ.! џ №?џўE1A03AAџў[97.301(b)]џўWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 40-meter band are authorized to Amateur Extra class control operators?џў7000-7025 kHzџў7000-7050 kHzџў7025-7050 kHzџў7100-7150 kHzнЮПАЁ.! џ &@џўE1A02ACџў[97.301(b)]џўWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 75-meter band are authorized to Amateur Extra class control operators?џў3775-3800 kHzџў3800-3850 kHzџў3750-3775 kHzџў3800-3825 kHzнЮПАЁ.! џ  @џўE1A01ABџў[97.301(b)]џўWhat exclusive frequency privileges in the 80-meter band are authorized to Amateur Extra Class control operators?џў3525-3775 kHzџў3500-3525 kHzџў3700-3750 kHzџў3500-3550 kHzнЮПАЁ.! џD S 4 # йЁ\сd "@џўE1A21ADџў[97.3(a)(43)]џўWhat is the definition of the term telecommand?џўA one way transmission of measurements at a distance from the measuring instrumentџўA two-way interactive transmissionџўA two-way single channel transmission of dataџўA one-way transmission to initiate, modify or terminate functions of a device at a distanceeйЕa0! џ "@џўE1A20AAџў[97.3(a)(45)]џўWhat is the definition of the term telemetry?џўA one-way transmission of measurements at a distance from the measuring instrumentџўA two-way interactive transmissionџўA two-way single channel transmission of dataџўA one-way transmission to initiate, modify or terminate functions of a device at a distancecзГ_0! џ №?џўE1A19AAџў[97.11(a)]џўIf an amateur station is installed on board a ship and is separate from the ship radio installation, what condition must be met before the station may transmit?џўIts operation must be approved by the master of the shipџўIts antenna must be separate from the main ship antennas, transmitting only when the main radios are not in useџўIt must have a power supply that is completely independent of the main ship power supplyџўIts operator must have an FCC Marine endorsement on his or her amateur operator license-дz Я-! џ (@џўE1A18AAџў[97.303(d)]џўWhat are the sharing requirements for an amateur station transmitting in the 30-meter band?џўIt must not cause harmful interference to stations in the fixed service authorized by other nationsџўThere are no sharing requirementsџўStations in the fixed service authorized by other nations must not cause harmful interference to amateur stations in the same countryџўStations in the fixed service authorized by other nations must not cause harmful interference to amateur stations in another country š№‹.! џ @џўE1A17ADџў[97.27]џўWhy might the FCC modify an amateur station license?џўTo relieve crowding in certain bandsџўTo better prepare for a time of national emergencyџўTo enforce a radio quiet zone within one mile of an airportџўTo promote the public interest, convenience and necessity2їК†`*! џ (@џўE1A16AAџў[97.303]џўFor each ITU Region, how is each frequency band allocated internationally to the amateur service designated?џўPrimary service or secondary serviceџўPrimary serviceџўSecondary serviceџўCo-secondary serviceљуаП™+! џ "@џўE1A15AAџў[97.219(c)]џўIf your packet bulletin board station inadvertently forwards a communication that violates FCC rules, what is the first action you should take?џўDiscontinue forwarding the communication as soon as you become aware of itџўNotify the originating station that the communication does not comply with FCC rulesџўNotify the nearest FCC Enforcement Bureau officeџўDiscontinue forwarding all messagesИ“a П.! џ .@џўE1A14ABџў[97.219(b), (d)]џўIf a packet bulletin board station in a message forwarding system inadvertently forwards a message that is in violation of FCC rules, who is accountable for the rules violation?џўThe control operator of the packet bulletin board stationџўThe control operator of the originating station and conditionally the first forwarding stationџўThe control operators of all the stations in the systemџўThe control operators of all the stations in the system not authenticating the source from which they accept communications7К!ц3! џ (@ џўE1A13AAџў[97.307(e)]џўWhat is the maximum mean power permitted for any spurious emission from a transmitter having a mean power of 25 W or less on an amateur service VHF band?џўThe lesser of 25 microwatts or 40 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emissionџўThe lesser of 50 microwatts or 40 dB below the mean power of the fundamental emissionџў20 microwattsџў50 microwatts•†w Щ.! џЌdQ D E lРлЪ @џўE1B07BBџў[97.15(a)џўIf an amateur antenna structure is located in a valley or canyon, what height restrictions apply?џўThe structure must not extend more than 200 feet above average height of terrainџўThe structure must be no higher than 200 feet above the ground level at its siteџўThere are no height restrictions since the structure would not be a hazard to aircraft in a valley or canyonџўThe structure must not extend more than 200 feet above the top of the valley or canyonљЁ3с,! џ 0@џўE1B06BBџў[97.113(c)]џўWho may accept compensation for serving as a control operator in a classroom at an educational institution?џўAny licensed amateur operatorџўOnly an amateur operator accepting such pay as an incident of a teaching position during times when the station is used by that teacher as a part of classroom instructionџўOnly teachers at correctional institutionsџўOnly students at educational or correctional institutionsЭ’fК›.! џ @џўE1B05BCџў[97.113(c)]џўWhen may an amateur operator accept compensation for serving as the control operator of an amateur station used in a classroom?џўOnly when the amateur operator does not accept pay during periods of time when the amateur station is usedџўOnly when the classroom is in a correctional institutionџўOnly when the amateur operator is paid as an incident of a teaching position during periods of time when the station is used by that teacher as a part of classroom instruction at an educational institutionџўOnly when the station is restricted to making contacts with similar stations at other educational institutions”$UЏ.! џ 0@џўE1B04BDџў[97.121(a )]џўIf an amateur station causes interference to the reception of a domestic broadcast station with a receiver of good engineering design, on what frequencies may the operation of the amateur station be restricted?џўOn the frequency used by the domestic broadcast stationџўOn all frequencies below 30 MHzџўOn all frequencies above 30 MHzџўOn the frequency or frequencies used when the interference occursС~]</! џ *@џўE1B03BCџў[97.13(a)]џўWhat must be done before an amateur station is placed within an officially designated wilderness area or wildlife preserve, or an area listed in the National Register of Historical Places?џўA proposal must be submitted to the National Park ServiceџўA letter of intent must be filed with the National Audubon SocietyџўAn Environmental Assessment must be submitted to the FCCџўA form FSD-15 must be submitted to the Department of the InteriorчЄj&ы-! џ @џўE1B02BAџў[97.13(b)]џўOutside of what distance from an FCC monitoring facility may an amateur station be located without concern for protecting the facility from harmful interference?џў1 mileџў3 milesџў10 milesџў30 milesѕысиа-! џ  @џўE1B01BAџў[97.13(a)]џўWhich of the following factors might restrict the physical location of an amateur station apparatus or antenna structure?џўThe land may have environmental importance; or it is significant in American history, architecture or cultureџўThe location's political or societal importanceџўThe location's geographical or horticultural importanceџўThe location's international importance, requiring consultation with one or more foreign governments before installationћHЈ-! џ @џўE1A22ADџў[97.211(b)]џўWhen may an amateur station transmit special codes intended to obscure the meaning of messages?џўNever under any circumstancesџўOnly when a Special Temporary Authority has been obtained from the FCCџўOnly when an Amateur Extra Class operator is the station control operatorџўWhen sending telecommand messages to a station in space operation„AіЎ.! џTt @ н ЬИЬor %@џўE1B15BDџў[97.3(a)(38)]џўWhat is the term for apparatus to effect remote control between the control point and a remotely controlled station?џўA tone linkџўA wire controlџўA remote controlџўA control linkхеУГІ0! џ $@џўE1B14BCџў[97.3(a)(38)]џўWhat is a control link?џўA device that automatically controls an unattended stationџўAn automatically operated link between two stationsџўThe means of control between a control point and a remotely controlled stationџўA device that limits the time of a station's transmissionE К…I0! џ #*@ џўE1B13BBџў[97.3(a)(6), 97.109(d)]џўHow do the control operator responsibilities of a station under automatic control differ from one under local control?џўUnder local control there is no control operatorџўUnder automatic control the control operator is not required to be present at the control pointџўUnder automatic control there is no control operatorџўUnder local control a control operator is not required to be present at a control pointд{EфВ:! џ "№? џўE1B12BAџў[97.3(a)(6), 97.109(d)]џўWhat is meant by automatic control of a station?џўThe use of devices and procedures for control so that the control operator does not have to be present at the control pointџўA station operating with its output power controlled automaticallyџўRemotely controlling a station such that a control operator does not have to be present at the control point at all timesџўThe use of a control link between a control point and a locally controlled stationќЈ-щl:! џ !.@ џўE1B11BAџў[97.109(d), 201(d), 97.203(d), 97.205(d)]џўWhich of the following amateur stations may not be operated under automatic control?џўRemote control of model aircraftџўBeacon stationџўAuxiliary stationџўRepeater stationљчдФЂL! џ "@ џўE1B10BDџў[97.3a38]џўWhat is meant by a remotely controlled station?џўA station operated away from its regular home locationџўControl of a station from a point located other than at the station transmitterџўA station operating under automatic controlџўA station controlled indirectly through a control linkKц•],! џ (@ џўE1B09BAџў[97.15a]џўIf you are installing an amateur radio station antenna at a site within 5 miles from a public use airport, what additional rules apply?џўYou must evaluate the height of your antenna based on the FCC Part 17 regulationsџўNo special rules apply if your antenna structure will be less than 200 feet in heightџўYou must file an Environmental Impact Statement with the Environmental Protection Agency before construction beginsџўYou must obtain a construction permit from the airport zoning authorityг^Д+! џ @џўE1B08BDџў[97.15b]џўWhat limits must local authorities observe when legislating height and dimension restrictions for an amateur station antenna structure?џўFAA regulations specify a minimum height for amateur antenna structures located near airportsџўFCC regulations specify a 200 foot minimum height for amateur antenna structuresџўState and local restrictions of amateur antenna structures are not allowedџўSuch regulation must reasonably accommodate amateur service communications and must constitute the minimum practicable regulation to accomplish the state or local authorities legitimate purposetБeД+! џS–  5 Тоko ,$@џўE1C07CBџў[97.107(a)]џўWhat special document is required before a Canadian citizen holding a Canadian amateur service license may reciprocal operate in the US?џўA written FCC authorization for alien reciprocal operationџўNo special document is requiredџўThe citizen must have an FCC-issued validation of their Canadian licenseџўThe citizen must have an FCC-issued Certificate of US License Grant without Examination to operate for a period longer than 10 daysф_єИ.! џ +@џўE1C06CAџў[97.107]џўWhich of the following would disqualify a foreign amateur operator from being authorized for alien reciprocal operation in places where the FCC regulates the amateur service?џўNot being a citizen of the country that issued the amateur service licenseџўHaving citizenship in their own country but not US citizenshipџўHolding only an amateur license issued by their own country but holding no FCC amateur service license grantџўHolding an amateur service license issued by their own country authorizing privileges beyond Amateur Extra Class operator privileges[еg'л+! џ *,@џўE1C05CAџў[97.107]џўWhen may a US citizen holding a foreign amateur service license be authorized for alien reciprocal operation in places where the FCC regulates the amateur service?џўNever; US citizens are not eligible for alien reciprocal operationџўWhen the US citizen also holds citizenship in the foreign countryџўWhen the US citizen was born in the foreign countryџўWhen the US citizen has no current FCC amateur service licenseЬŒWа+! џ )@џўE1C04CDџў[97.119(g)]џўWhat indicator must a Canadian amateur station include with the assigned call sign in the station identification announcement when operating in the US?џўNo indicator is requiredџўThe grid-square locator number for the location of the station must be included after the call signџўThe permit number and the call-letter district number of the station location must be included before the Canadian-assigned call signџўThe letter-numeral indicating the station location after the Canadian call sign and the closest city and state once during the communication[ЭFсЧ.! џ (№?џўE1C03CCџў[97.107]џўWhat are the frequency privileges authorized for alien reciprocal operation?џўThose authorized to a holder of the equivalent US amateur operator licenseџўThose that the alien has in his or her own countryџўThose authorized to the alien by his country of citizenship, but not to exceed those authorized to Amateur Extra Class operatorsџўThose approved by the International Amateur Radio UnionД{љХy+! џ '@џўE1C02CBџў[97.107]џўWho is authorized for alien reciprocal operation in places where the FCC regulates the amateur service?џўAnyone holding a valid amateur service license issued by a foreign governmentџўAny non-US citizen holding an amateur service license issued by their government with which the US has a reciprocal operating arrangementџўAnyone holding a valid amateur service license issued by a foreign government with which the US has a reciprocal operating arrangementџўAny non-US citizen holding a valid amateur license issued by a foreign government, as long as the person is a citizen of that country}іnу”+! џ &@џўE1C01CAџў[97.5(c),(d), (e), 97.107]џўWhat is an FCC authorization for alien reciprocal operation?џўAn FCC authorization to the holder of an amateur license issued by certain foreign governments to operate an amateur station in the USџўAn FCC permit to allow a US licensed amateur to operate in a foreign nation except CanadaџўAn FCC permit allowing a foreign licensed amateur to handle third-party traffic between the US and the amateur's own nationџўAn FCC agreement with another country allowing the passing of third-party traffic between amateurs of the two nationsRл^{=! џdА В a  fЂ‚ 4@џўE1D03DCџў[97.407(a)]џўWith what organization must an amateur station be registered before participating in RACES?џўThe Amateur Radio Emergency ServiceџўThe US Department of DefenseџўA civil defense organizationџўThe FCC Enforcement BureauьЮА‹.! џ 3&@џўE1D02DAџў[97.3(a)(37)]џўWhat is the purpose of RACES?џўTo provide civil-defense communications during emergenciesџўTo provide emergency communications for boat or aircraft racesџўTo provide routine and emergency communications for athletic racesџўTo provide routine and emergency military communicationsIЫ‹O0! џ 2,@џўE1D01DBџў[97.3(a)(37)]џўWhat is the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)?џўA radio service using amateur service frequencies on a regular basis for communications that can reasonably be furnished through other radio servicesџўA radio service using amateur stations for civil defense communications during periods of local, regional, or national civil emergenciesџўA radio service using amateur service frequencies for broadcasting to the publicџўA radio service using local government frequencies by Amateur Radio operators for emergency communicationsKпl0! џ 1@ џўE1C12CDџў[97.119(g)]џўWhat additional station identification, in addition to his or her own call sign, does an alien operator supply when operating in the US under an FCC authorization for alien reciprocal operation?џўNo additional operation is requiredџўThe gird-square locator closest to his or her present location is included before the callџўThe serial number of the permit and the call-letter district number of the station location is included before the callџўThe letter-numeral indicating the station location in the US included before their call and the closest city and state given once during the communicationˆьsђ.! џ 0*@ џўE1C11CBџў[97.5(e)]џўWhich of the following multilateral or bilateral operating arrangements allow an FCC licensed US citizen and many Central and South American amateur operators to operate in each other's countries?џўCEPT agreementџўIARP agreementџўITU agreementџўAll of these choices are correctC!ђ,! џ /@ џўE1C10CAџў[97.5(d)]џўWhich of the following operating arrangements allow an FCC licensed US citizen to operate in many European countries and alien amateurs from many European countries to operate in the US?џўCEPT agreementџўIARP agreementџўITU agreementџўAll of these choices are correct9јш,! џ .№? џўE1C09CDџў[97.5(c)]џўFrom which locations may a licensed alien amateur operator be the control operator of an amateur station?џўOnly locations within the boundaries of the 50 United StatesџўOnly locations listed as the primary station location on an FCC amateur service licenseџўOnly locations on ground within the US and its territories; no shipboard or aeronautical mobile operation is permittedџўAny location where the amateur service is regulated by the FCCцІ.е—,! џ -№?џўE1C08CCџў[97.107(b)]џўWhat operating privileges does a properly licensed alien amateur have in the US, if the US and the alien amateur's home country have a multilateral or bilateral reciprocal operating agreement?џўAll privileges of their home licenseџўAll privileges of an Amateur Extra Class operator licenseџўThose authorized by their home license, not to exceed the operating privileges of an Amateur Extra Class operator licenseџўThose granted by the home license that match US privileges authorized to amateur operators in ITU Region 18ЬQ№.! џ+І т „ “О: <@ џўE1D11DCџў[97.407(e)]џўWhat communications are permissible in RACES?џўAny type of communications when there is no emergencyџўAny Amateur Radio Emergency Service communicationsџўNational defense or immediate safety of people and property and communications authorized by the area civil defense organizationџўNational defense and security or immediate safety of people and property communications authorized by the PresidentПJШ”].! џ ;$@ џўE1D10DBџў[97.407(c), (d)]џўWith which stations may amateur stations participating in RACES communicate?џўAny amateur stationџўAmateur stations participating in RACES and specific other stations authorized by the responsible civil defense officialџўAny amateur station or a station in the Disaster Communications ServiceџўAny Citizens Band station that is also registered in RACES•Y–3! џ :"@ џўE1D09DCџў[97.407(a)]џўWho may be the control operator of a RACES station?џўAnyone holding an FCC-issued amateur operator license other than NoviceџўOnly an Amateur Extra Class operator licenseeџўAnyone who holds an FCC-issued amateur operator license and is certified by a civil defense organizationџўAny person certified as a RACES radio operator by a civil defense organization and who hold an FCC issued GMRS licenseНEлЌc.! џ 90@џўE1D08DAџў[97.407(b)]џўWhat type of emergency can cause limits to be placed on the frequencies available for RACES operation?џўAn emergency during which the President's War Emergency Powers are invokedџўAn emergency in only one of the United States would limit RACES operations to a single HF bandџўAn emergency confined to a 25-mile area would limit RACES operations to a single VHF bandџўAn emergency involving no immediate danger of loss of lifeйBт–.! џ 8*@џўE1D07DDџў[97.407(b)]џўWhat frequencies are normally available for RACES operation?џўOnly those authorized to the civil defense organizationџўOnly those authorized to federal government communicationsџўOnly the top 25 kHz of each amateur service bandџўAll frequencies authorized to the amateur serviceFсЅl.! џ 7&@џўE1D06DBџў[97.407(b)]џўWhat are the frequencies authorized to an amateur station participating in RACES during a period when the President's War Emergency Powers are in force?џўAll frequencies in the amateur service authorized to the control operatorџўSpecific segments in the amateur service MF, HF, VHF and UHF bandsџўSpecific local government channelsџўMilitary Affiliate Radio System (MARS) channelsЌ{WШ.! џ 6*@џўE1D05DAџў[97.407(b)]џўWhat frequencies are authorized normally to an amateur station participating in RACES?џўAll amateur service frequencies otherwise authorized to the control operatorџўSpecific segments in the amateur service MF, HF, VHF and UHF bandsџўSpecific local government channelsџўMilitary Affiliate Radio System (MARS) channelsm<д†.! џ 5&@џўE1D04DCџў[97.407(a)]џўWhich amateur stations may be operated in RACES?џўOnly those licensed to Amateur Extra class operatorsџўAny FCC-licensed amateur station except a station licensed to a Technician class operatorџўAny FCC-licensed amateur station certified by the responsible civil defense organization for the area servedџўAny FCC licensed amateur station participating in the Military Affiliate Radio System (MARS)Н_ё–`.! џ н У › Аb+ D@џўE1E08EDџў[97.207(g)(1)]џўWhen must the licensee of a space station give the FCC International Bureau the first written pre-space notification?џўAny time before initiating the launch countdown for the spacecraftџўNo less than 3 months after initiating construction of the space stationџўNo less that 12 months before launch of the space station platformџўNo less than 27 months prior to initiating space station transmissionsТz6ьЈ1! џ C0@џўE1E07EAџў[97.207(b)]џўWhat special provision must a space station incorporate in order to comply with space station requirements?џўThe space station must be capable of effecting a cessation of transmissions by telecommand whenever so ordered by the FCCџўThe space station must cease all transmissions after 5 yearsџўThe space station must be capable of changing its orbit whenever such a change is ordered by NASAџўThe station call sign must appear on all sides of the spacecraftљЗT›.! џ B.@џўE1E06EDџў[97.207 (a)]џўWhich amateur stations are eligible to operate as a space station?џўAny except those of Technician Class operatorsџўOnly those of General, Advanced or Amateur Extra Class operatorsџўOnly those of Amateur Extra Class operatorsџўAny FCC-licensed amateur station4хЃs/! џ A*@џўE1E05EDџў[97.207]џўWhich of the following types of communications may space stations transmit?џўAutomatic retransmission of signals from Earth stations and other space stationsџўOne-way communicationsџўTelemetry consisting of specially coded messagesџўAll of these choices are correct6тЪx+! џ @ @џўE1E04EAџў[97.3(a)(16)]џўWhat is an earth station in the amateur-satellite service?џўAn amateur station within 50 km of the Earth's surface for communications with Amateur stations by means of objects in spaceџўAn amateur station that is not able to communicate using amateur satellitesџўAn amateur station that transmits telemetry consisting of measurement of upper atmosphere data from spaceџўAny amateur station on the surface of the EarthгЂ7ъl0! џ ?*@џўE1E03EAџў[97.3(a)(44)]џўWhat is a telecommand station in the amateur-satellite service?џўAn amateur station that transmits communications to initiate, modify or terminate functions of a space stationџўAn amateur station located on the Earth's surface for communications with other Earth stations by means of Earth satellitesџўAn amateur station located more than 50 km above the Earth's surfaceџўAn amateur station that transmits telemetry consisting of measurements of upper atmosphere data from spaceЄ^сq0! џ >.@џўE1E02EAџў[97.3(a)(40)]џўWhat is a space station in the amateur-satellite service?џўAn amateur station located more than 50 km above the Earth's surfaceџўAn amateur station designed for communications with other amateur stations by means of Earth satellitesџўAn amateur station that transmits communications to initiate, modify or terminate functions of an Earth stationџўAn amateur station designed for communications with other amateur stations by reflecting signals off objects in space‹Бk0! џ =0@џўE1E01ECџў[97.3(a)(3)]џўWhat is the amateur-satellite service?џўA radio navigation service using satellites for the purpose of self-training, intercommunication and technical studies carried out by amateursџўA spacecraft launching service for amateur-built satellitesџўA service using amateur stations on satellites for the purpose of self-training, intercommunication and technical investigationsџўA radio communications service using stations on Earth satellites for weather information gathering І$чW/! џн тя  м џ ЯџПœ O$@џўE1F04FCџў[97.507(a)(1)]џўWho must select from the VEC question pool the set of questions that are administered in an Element 3 examination?џўOnly a VE holding an Amateur Extra Class operator license grantџўThe VEC coordinating the examination sessionџўA VE holding an FCC-issued Amateur Extra or Advanced Class operator license grantџўThe FCC Enforcement BureauƒgцЅ1! џ N"@џўE1F03FAџў[97.523]џўWho is responsible for maintaining the question pools from which all amateur license examination questions must be taken?џўAll of the VECsџўThe VE teamџўThe VE question pool teamџўThe FCC Wireless Telecommunications Bureau пФЗІ+! џ M@џўE1F02FCџў[97.507(b)]џўWhere are the questions listed that must be used in all written US amateur license examinations?џўIn the instructions that each VEC give to their VEsџўIn an FCC-maintained question poolџўIn the VEC-maintained question poolџўIn the appropriate FCC Report and Order7щХ.! џ L,@џўE1F01FDџў[97.507 (a), (b), (c),97.523]џўWho may prepare an Element 4 amateur operator license examination?џўThe VEC Question Pool Committee, which selects questions from the appropriate VEC question poolџўA VEC that selects questions from the appropriate FCC bulletinџўAn Extra class VE that selects questions from the appropriate FCC bulletinџўAn Extra class VE or a qualified supplier who selects questions from the appropriate VEC question poolйq%х„@! џ K$@џўE1E15EDџў[97.209 (a)]џўWhich amateur stations are eligible to operate as Earth stations?џўAny amateur station whose licensee has filed a pre-space notification with the FCC International BureauџўOnly those of General, Advanced or Amateur Extra Class operatorsџўOnly those of Amateur Extra Class operatorsџўAny amateur station, subject to the privileges of the class of operator license held by the control operatorИJлr/! џ J0@џўE1E14ECџў[97.207 (f)]џўWhat is the term for space-to-Earth transmissions used to communicate the results of measurements made by a space station?џўData transmissionџўFrame check sequenceџўTelemetryџўSpace-to-Earth telemetry indicator (SETI) transmissionsпдОЋ/! џ I@ џўE1E13EAџў[97.211 (b)]џўWhat unique privilege is afforded a telecommand station?џўA telecommand station may transmit command messages to the space station using codes intended to obscure their meaningџўA telecommand station may transmit music to the space stationџўA telecommand station may transmit with a PEP output of 5000 wattsџўA telecommand station is not required to transmit its call sign at the end of the communicationХd сi/! џ H&@ џўE1E12EBџў[97.211 (a)]џўWhich amateur stations are eligible to be telecommand stations?џўAny amateur station designated by NASAџўAny amateur station so designated by the space station licenseeџўAny amateur station so designated by the ITUџўAll of these choices are correct)й˜p/! џ G(@ џўE1E11EAџў[97.207]џўWhich amateur service UHF bands have frequencies available for a space station?џў70 cm, 23 cm, 13 cmџў70 cmџў70 cm and 33 cmџў33 cm and 13 cmКЉ˜‘|+! џ F*@ џўE1E10EAџў[97.207]џўWhich VHF amateur service bands have frequencies available for space stations?џў2 metersџў2 meters and 1.25 metersџў6 meters, 2 meters, and 1.25 metersџў6 meters and 2 metersлФŸ…{+! џ E$@ џўE1E09EAџў[97.207]џўWhich amateur service HF bands have frequencies authorized to space stations?џўOnly 40m, 20m, 17m, 15m, 12m and 10mџўOnly 40 m, 20 m, 17m, 15 m and 10 m bandsџў40 m, 30 m, 20 m, 15 m, 12 m and 10 m bandsџўAll HF bandsјЫ z+! џћ2Y К наsў W@ џўE1F12FDџў[97.509(b)(1), 97.525]џўWhat is the VE accreditation process?џўEach General, Advanced and Amateur Extra Class operator is automatically accredited as a VE when the license is grantedџўThe amateur operator must pass a VE examination administered by the FCC Enforcement BureauџўThe prospective VE obtains accreditation from a VE teamџўEach VEC ensures that its Volunteer Examiner applicants meet FCC requirements to serve as VEsЭn5й`9! џ V@ џўE1F11FCџў[97.509(b)(4)]џўWhich persons seeking to be VEs cannot be accredited?џўPersons holding less than an Advanced Class operator licenseџўPersons less than 21 years of ageџўPersons who have ever had an amateur operator or amateur station license suspended or revokedџўPersons who are employees of the federal government](ЩІh1! џ U(@ џўE1F10FAџў[97.509(a)]џўWhat is a VE Team?џўA group of at least three VEs who administer examinations for an amateur operator licenseџўThe VEC staffџўOne or two VEs who administer examinations for an amateur operator licenseџўA group of FCC Volunteer Enforcers who investigate Amateur Rules violationsEјЌB.! џ T@ џўE1F09FBџў[97.3(a)(48)]џўWhat is an accredited Volunteer Examiner?џўAn amateur operator who is approved by three or more fellow volunteer examiners to administer amateur license examinationsџўAn amateur operator who is approved by a VEC to administer amateur operator license examinationsџўAn amateur operator who administers amateur license examinations for a feeџўAn amateur operator who is approved by an FCC staff member to administer amateur operator license examinationsѕ…9з[0! џ S@џўE1F08FCџў[97.521]џўWhat is a Volunteer-Examiner Coordinator?џўA person who has volunteered to administer amateur operator license examinationsџўA person who has volunteered to prepare amateur operator license examinationsџўAn organization that has entered into an agreement with the FCC to coordinate amateur operator license examinationsџўThe person that has entered into an agreement with the FCC to be the VE session managerХlїЈV+! џ R@џўE1F07FAџў[97.503(b)]џўWhat is the purpose of an Element 4 examination?џўIt proves the examinee has the qualifications necessary to perform properly the duties of an Amateur Extra Class operatorџўIt proves the examinee is qualified as an electronics technicianџўIt proves the examinee is an electronics expertџўIt proves that the examinee is an expert radio operator‡Nл`.! џ Q@џўE1F06FCџў[97.503(a)]џўWhat is the purpose of an amateur operator telegraphy examination?џўIt determines the examinee's level of commitment to the amateur serviceџўAll of these choices are correctџўIt proves that the examinee has the ability to send correctly by hand and to receive correctly by ear texts in the International Morse CodeџўIt helps preserve the proud tradition of radiotelegraphy skill in the amateur serviceСjнЛr.! џ P0@џўE1F05FBџў[97.507(a)(2)]џўWho must select from the VEC question pool the set of questions that are administered in an Element 2 examination?џўThe VEC coordinating the examination sessionџўA VE holding an FCC-issued Technician, General, Advanced or Amateur Extra Class operator license grantџўOnly a VE holding an Amateur Extra or Advanced Class operator license grantџўThe FCC Office of Engineering and TechnologyЖˆ;гЅ1! џ№ Ћ Ž œ ! ф^Ф `,@џўE1F21FDџў[97.509(i)]џўWhat must the VE team do if an examinee scores a passing grade on all examination elements needed for an upgrade or new license?џўPhotocopy all examination documents and forwards them to the FCC for processingџўNotify the FCC that the examinee is eligible for a license grantџўIssue the examinee the new or upgrade licenseџўThree VEs must certify that the examinee is qualified for the license grant and that they have complied with the VE requirementsєrCА.! џ _&@џўE1F20FDџў[97.519(b)]џўWhat action must the coordinating VEC complete within 10 days of collecting the information from an examination session?џўScreen collected informationџўResolve all discrepancies and verify that the VEs' certifications are properly completedџўFor qualified examinees, forward electronically all required data to the FCCџўAll of these choices are correctn ЦЈ.! џ ^(@џўE1F19FCџў[97.509(h)]џўWhat must the VE team do with your test papers when you have finished this examination?џўThe VE team must collect them for grading at a later dateџўThe VE team must collect and send them to the coordinating VEC for gradingџўThe VE team must collect and grade them immediatelyџўThe VE team must collect and send them to the FCC for grading‚CТ‡.! џ ]@џўE1F18FAџў[97.509(e)]џўWhat may be the penalty for a VE who fraudulently administers or certifies an examination?џўRevocation of the VE's amateur station license grant and the suspension of the VE's amateur operator license grantџўA fine of up to $1000 per occurrenceџўA sentence of up to one year in prisonџўAll of these choices are correctnL$ўŠ.! џ \@џўE1F17FAџў[97.509(d)]џўTo which of the following examinees may a VE not administer an examination?џўThe VE's close relatives as listed in the FCC rulesџўAcquaintances of the VEџўFriends of the VEџўThere are no restrictions as to whom a VE may administer an examination%мЩА{.! џ [*@џўE1F16FAџў[97.509(k)]џўWhat special procedures must a VE team follow for an examinee with a physical disability?џўA special procedure that accommodates the disabilityџўA special procedure specified by the coordinating VECџўA special procedure specified by a physicianџўNone; the VE team does not have to provide special proceduresc$іП‰.! џ Z@џўE1F15FBџў[97.509(c)]џўWhat should a VE do if a candidate fails to comply with the examiner's instructions during an amateur operator license examination?џўWarn the candidate that continued failure to comply will result in termination of the examinationџўImmediately terminate the candidate's examinationџўAllow the candidate to complete the examination, but invalidate the resultsџўImmediately terminate everyone's examination and close the sessionк–IГ.! џ Y(@џўE1F14FCџў[97.509(c)]џўWho is responsible for the proper conduct and necessary supervision during an amateur operator license examination session?џўThe VEC coordinating the sessionџўThe FCCџўThe administering VEsџўThe VE session managerэжЭЋ.! џ X@ џўE1F13FAџў[97.509(c)]џўWhere must the VE team be stationed while administering an examination?џўAll administering VEs must be present and observing the examinees throughout the entire examinationџўThe VEs must leave the room after handing out the exam(s) to allow the examinees to concentrate on the exam materialџўThe VEs may be elsewhere provided at least one VE is present and is observing the examinees throughout the entire examinationџўThe VEs may be anywhere as long as they each certify in writing that examination was administered properly=бRмw.! џfl „ ЧмЛ“ h@џўE1G01GBџў[97.315(c)]џўWhat does it mean if an external RF amplifier is listed on the FCC database as certificated for use in the amateur service?џўAn RF amplifier of that model may be used in any radio serviceџўThat particular RF amplifier model may be marketed for use in the amateur serviceџўAll similar models of RF amplifiers produced by other manufacturers may be marketedџўAll models of RF amplifiers produced by that manufacturer may be marketedо“>ыЋ.! џ g@џўE1F28FAџў[97.505(a)(6)]џўWhat period of time does a Technician class licensee, who has just been issued a CSCE for having passed a 5 WPM Morse code examination, have in order to use this credit toward a license upgrade?џў365 days from the examination date as indicated on the CSCEџў15 months from the examination date as indicated on the CSCEџўThere is no time limit, so long as the Technician license remains validџў5 years plus a 5-year grace period from the examination date as indicated on the CSCEЙp2ѕ1! џ f0@џўE1F27FCџў[97.301(e)]џўFor what period of time does a Technician class licensee, who has just been issued a CSCE for having passed a 5 WPM Morse code examination, have authority to operate on the Novice/Technician HF subbands?џў365 days from the examination date as indicated on the CSCEџў1 year from the examination date as indicated on the CSCEџўIndefinitely, so long as the Technician license remains validџў5 years plus a 5-year grace period from the examination date as indicated on the CSCE Вs8ћ.! џ e"@џўE1F26FCџў[97.505(a)(6)]џўWhat amateur operator license examination credit must be given for a valid Certificate of Successful Completion of Examination (CSCE)?џўOnly the written elements the CSCE indicates the examinee passed with in the previous 365 daysџўOnly the telegraphy elements the CSCE indicates the examinee passed within the previous 365 daysџўEach element the CSCE indicates the examinee passed within the previous 365 daysџўNoneгЭ{Й1! џ d№?џўE1F25FAџў[97.509(e), 97.527]џўHow much reimbursement may the VE team and VEC accept for preparing, processing, administering and coordinating an examination?џўActual out-of-pocket expensesџўUp to the national minimum hourly wage times the number of hours spent providing the servicesџўUp to the maximum fee per examinee announced by the FCC annuallyџўAs much as the examinee is willing to donateЅw5жЗ6! џ c@џўE1F24FAџў[97.527]џўWhat are the types of out-of-pocket expenses for which the FCC rules authorize a VE and VEC to accept reimbursement?џўPreparing, processing, administering and coordinating an examination for an amateur radio licenseџўTeaching an amateur operator license examination preparation courseџўNone; a VE must never accept any type of reimbursementџўProviding amateur operator license examination preparation training materialsаIЁ+! џ b&@џўE1F23FAџў[97.519(d)(3)]џўWhat are the consequences of failing to appear for readministration of an examination when so directed by the FCC?џўThe licensee's license will be cancelled and a new license will be issued that is consistent with examination elements not invalidatedџўThe licensee must pay a monetary fineџўThe licensee is disqualified from any future examination for an amateur operator license grantџўThe person may be sentenced to incarcerationтДT-Ѕ1! џ a(@џўE1F22FAџў[97.509(j)]џўWhat must the VE team do if the examinee does not score a passing grade on the examination?џўReturn the application document to the examinee and inform the examinee of the gradeџўReturn the application document to the examineeџўInform the examinee that he or she did not passџўExplain how the incorrect questions should have been answered‚Cс‹.! џB Ќ / z –НLЉd r№? џўE1G11GCџў[97.3(c)(8)]џўWhat is the term for emissions using bandwidth-expansion modulation?џўRTTYџўImageџўSpread spectrumџўPulseš“‚{u/! џ q№? џўE1G10GAџў[97.113]џўWhich of the following types of amateur operator-to-amateur operator communication are prohibited?џўCommunications transmitted for hire or material compensation, except as otherwise provided in the rulesџўCommunication that has a political contentџўCommunication that has a religious contentџўCommunication in a language other English{P$ј+! џ p0@ џўE1G09GDџў[97.113(a)(3)]џўWhen may an amateur station send a message to a business?џўWhen the total money involved does not exceed $25џўWhen the control operator is employed by the FCC or another government agencyџўWhen transmitting international third-party communicationsџўWhen neither the amateur nor his or her employer has a pecuniary interest in the communications‹*юŸl1! џ o0@џўE1G08GDџў[97.113(a)(2)]џўWhen may the control operator of a repeater accept payment for providing communication services to another party?џўWhen the repeater is operating under portable powerџўWhen the repeater is operating under local controlџўDuring Red Cross or other emergency service drillsџўUnder no circumstancesYA йЄ1! џ n@џўE1G07GAџў[97.203(e)]џўWhat type of automatically controlled amateur station must not be established in the National Radio Quiet Zone before the licensee gives written notification to the National Radio Astronomy Observatory?џўBeacon stationџўAuxiliary stationџўRepeater stationџўEarth station>/ њ.! џ m$@џўE1G06GCџў[97.3 (a)(32)]џўWhat is the National Radio Quiet Zone?џўAn area in Puerto Rico surrounding the Arecibo Radio TelescopeџўAn area in New Mexico surrounding the White Sands Test AreaџўAn Area in Maryland, West Virginia and Virginia surrounding the National Radio Astronomy ObservatoryџўAn area in Florida surrounding Cape Canaveralk<ж™Y1! џ l№?џўE1G05GDџў[97.303(f)(1)]џўAmateur stations may not transmit in which frequency segment if they are located north of Line A?џў21.225-21.300 MHzџў53-54 MHzџў222-223 MHzџў420-430 MHzЬПВЇ”1! џ k№?џўE1G04GAџў[97.3(a)(32)]џўWhich of the following geographic descriptions approximately describes Line A?џўA line roughly parallel to, and south of, the US-Canadian borderџўA line roughly parallel to, and west of, the US Atlantic coastlineџўA line roughly parallel to, and north of, the US-Mexican border and Gulf coastlineџўA line roughly parallel to, and east of, the US Pacific coastlineZТ€0! џ j @џўE1G03GAџў[97.315(b)(5)]џўUnder what condition may an equipment dealer sell an external RF power amplifier capable of operation below 144 MHz if it has not been granted FCC certification?џўIt was purchased in used condition from an amateur operator and is sold to another amateur operator for use at that operator's stationџўThe equipment dealer assembled it from a kitџўIt was imported from a manufacturer in a country that does not require certification of RF power amplifiersџўIt was imported from a manufacturer in another country, and it was certificated by that country's governmenteїŠ\д1! џ i@џўE1G02GBџў[97.317(a)(3)]џўWhich of the following is one of the standards that must be met by an external RF power amplifier if it is to qualify for a grant of Certification?џўIt must have a time-delay to prevent it from operating continuously for more than ten minutesџўIt must satisfy the spurious emission standards when driven with at least 50W mean RF power (unless a higher drive level is specified)џўIt must not be capable of modification without voiding the warrantyџўIt must exhibit no more than 6dB of gain over its entire operating range<ђ­%Ц1! џ Kf h ™ Ъ yN"3= |"@џўE2A07ADџўWhat are the receiving and retransmitting frequency bands used for Mode L/U in amateur satellite operations?џўSatellite receiving on 435 to 438 MHz and retransmitting on 21 to 30 MHzџўSatellite receiving on Amateur bands in the range of 21 to 30 MHz and retransmitting on 435 to 438 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 435 to 438 MHz and retransmitting on 1.26 to 1.27 GHzџўSatellite receiving on 1.26 to 1.27 GHz and retransmitting on 435 to 438 MHzоBй!!  {$@џўE2A06ACџўWhat are the receiving and retransmitting frequency bands used for Mode V/U in amateur satellite operations?џўSatellite receiving on 435 to 438 MHz and retransmitting on 144 to 148 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 144 to 148 MHz and retransmitting on Amateur bands in the range of 21 to 30 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 144 to 148 MHz and retransmitting on 435 to 438 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 435 to 438 MHz and transmitting on 21 to 30 MHzзCл!!  z@џўE2A05ABџўWhat are the receiving and retransmitting frequency bands used for Mode U/V in amateur satellite operations?џўSatellite receiving on Amateur bands in the range of 21 to 30 MHz and retransmitting on 144 to 148 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 435 to 438 MHz and retransmitting on 144 to 148 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 435 to 438 MHz and retransmitting on Amateur bands in the range of 21 to 30 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 144 to 148 MHz and retransmitting on Amateur bands in the range of 21 to 30 MHzЌDї!!  y@џўE2A04ADџўWhat are the receiving and retransmitting frequency bands used for Mode V/H in amateur satellite operations?џўSatellite receiving on Amateur bands in the range of 21 to 30 MHz and retransmitting on 144 to 148 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 435 to 438 MHz and retransmitting on 144 to 148 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 435 to 438 MHz and retransmitting on Amateur bands in the range of 21 to 30 MHzџўSatellite receiving on 144 to 148 MHz and retransmitting on Amateur bands in the range of 21 to 30 MHzЋCї!!  x*@џўE2A03ACџўWhat is the period of an amateur satellite?џўThe point of maximum height of a satellite's orbitџўThe point of minimum height of a satellite's orbitџўThe amount of time it takes for a satellite to complete one orbitџўThe time it takes a satellite to travel from perigee to apogee9љЖ‚N!!  w*@џўE2A02AAџўWhat is the direction of a descending pass for an amateur satellite?џўFrom north to southџўFrom west to eastџўFrom east to westџўFrom south to northЗЂ|g!!  v@џўE2A01ACџўWhat is the direction of an ascending pass for an amateur satellite?џўFrom west to eastџўFrom east to westџўFrom south to northџўFrom north to southЗЂzg!!  u"@џўE1G14GDџў[97.109(c)]џўWhat of the following is a use for an auxiliary station?џўTo provide a point-to-point communications uplink between a control point and its associated remotely controlled stationџўTo provide a point-to-point communications downlink between a remotely controlled station and its control pointџўTo provide a point-to-point control link between a control point and its associated remotely controlled stationџўAll of these choices are correctцФSтh.! џ t@ џўE1G13GCџў[97.311(d)]џўUnder any circumstance, what is the maximum transmitter power for an amateur station transmitting emission type SS communications?џў1 Wџў1.5 Wџў100 Wџў1.5 kWЭХОЗВ.! џ s$@ џўE1G12GDџў[97.311(a)]џўFCC-licensed amateur stations may use spread spectrum (SS) emissions to communicate under which of the following conditions?џўWhen the other station is in an area regulated by the FCCџўWhen the other station is in a country permitting SS communicationsџўWhen the transmission is not used to obscure the meaning of any communicationџўAll of these choices are correct{,чЌ.! џрse 2 + Р  ‘­SЂ[  Š@ џўE2B09BDџўWhat is facsimile?џўThe transmission of characters by radioteletype that form a picture when printedџўThe transmission of still pictures by slow-scan televisionџўThe transmission of video by amateur televisionџўThe transmission of printed pictures for permanent display on paper9єУ‡5!!  ‰№?џўE2B08BAџўWhich of the following is NOT a common method of transmitting accompanying audio with amateur fast-scan television?џўAmplitude modulation of the video carrierџўFrequency-modulated sub-carrierџўA separate VHF or UHF audio linkџўFrequency modulation of the video carrier/тС–!!  ˆ@џўE2B07BCџўWhat is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for blanking in amateur fast scan television?0%џў12.50%џў75%џў100%™“Ž†‚!!  ‡0@џўE2B06BCџўWhat is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for black in amateur fast scan television?0%џў12.50%џў70%џў100%–‹ƒ!!  †"@џўE2B05BDџўWhat is the bandwidth of a vestigial sideband AM fast-scan television transmission?џў3 kHzџў10 kHzџў25 kHzџў6 MHz”…}v!!  …@џўE2B04BBџўWhat is blanking in a video signal?џўSynchronization of the horizontal and vertical sync pulsesџўTurning off the scanning beam while it is traveling from right to left and from bottom to topџўTurning off the scanning beam at the conclusion of a transmissionџўTransmitting a black and white test patternQ$с‚F!!  „@џўE2B03BDџўHow is the interlace scanning pattern generated in a fast-scan television system?џўBy scanning the field from top to bottomџўBy scanning the field from bottom to topџўBy scanning from left to right in one field and right to left in the nextџўBy scanning odd numbered lines in one field and even numbered ones in the nextcШžt!!  ƒ@џўE2B02BCџўHow many horizontal lines make up a fast-scan television frame?3060џў525џў1050uojfb!!  ‚$@џўE2B01BAџўHow many times per second is a new frame transmitted in a fast-scan television system?306090џў120Š…}y!!  "@ џўE2A12ADџўHow may the location of a satellite at a given time be predicted?џўBy means of the Doppler data for the specified satelliteџўBy subtracting the mean anomaly from the orbital inclinationџўBy adding the mean anomaly to the orbital inclinationџўBy means of the Keplerian elements for the specified satelliteSмžd!!  €*@ џўE2A11ABџўWhat type of antenna can be used to minimize the effects of spin modulation and Faraday rotation?џўA nonpolarized antennaџўA circularly polarized antennaџўAn isotropic antennaџўA log-periodic dipole arrayявМœ„!!  @ џўE2A10AAџўWhy may the received signal from an amateur satellite exhibit a fairly rapid pulsed fading effect?џўBecause the satellite is rotatingџўBecause of ionospheric absorptionџўBecause of the satellite's low orbital altitudeџўBecause of the Doppler effectќЫЈ…!!  ~@ џўE2A09ADџўWhat is the name of the effect that causes the downlink frequency of a satellite to vary by several kHz during a low-earth orbit?џўThe Kepler effectџўThe Bernoulli effectџўThe Einstein effectџўThe Doppler effectітЭЗЄ!!  }@џўE2A08ABџўWhat is a linear transponder?џўA repeater that passes only linear or CW signalsџўA device that receives and retransmits signals of any mode in a certain passbandџўAn amplifier that varies its output linearly in response to input signalsџўA device that responds to satellite telecommands and is used to activate a linear sequence of eventsuФr@!! Ј 98 p С  T mЖца —"@џўE2C02CBџўWhat is one of the main purposes for holding on-the-air operating contests?џўTo test the dollar-to-feature value of station equipment during difficult operating circumstancesџўTo enhance the communicating and operating skills of amateur operators in readiness for an emergencyџўTo measure the ionospheres capacity for refracting RF signals under varying conditionsџўTo demonstrate to the FCC that amateur station operation is possible during difficult operating circumstancesў7бn!!  –0@џўE2C01CAџўWhen operating during a contest, which of these standards should you generally follow?џўAlways listen before transmitting, be courteous and do not cause harmful interference to other communicationsџўAlways reply to other stations calling CQ at least as many times as you call CQџўWhen initiating a contact, always reply with the call sign of the station you are calling followed by your own call signџўAlways include your signal report, name and transmitter power output in any exchange with another stationГ9шy!!  •(@џўE2B20BCџўWhat special restrictions are imposed on fax transmissions?џўNone; they are allowed on all amateur frequenciesџўThey are restricted to 7.245 MHz, 14.245 MHz, 21.345 MHz, and 28.945 MHzџўThey are allowed in phone band segments if their bandwidth is no greater than that of a voice signal of the same modulation typeџўThey are not permitted above 54 MHz‚]л‘^!!  ”@џўE2B19BDџўWhich of the following systems is used to transmit high-quality still images by radio?џўAMTORџўBaudot RTTYџўAMTEXџўFacsimileŸ”€y!!  “,@џўE2B18BBџўWhat is the approximate bandwidth of a slow-scan TV signal?џў600 Hzџў2 kHzџў2 MHzџў6 MHz{tmf^!!  ’@џўE2B17BAџўWhich of the following is NOT a characteristic of FMTV (Frequency-Modulated Amateur Television) as compared to vestigial sideband AM television?џўImmunity from fading due to limitingџўPoor weak signal performanceџўGreater signal bandwidthџўGreater complexity of receiving equipment<їйГ!!  ‘0@џўE2B16BBџўWhat is the standard video level, in percent PEV, for white in an amateur fast-scan television transmission?0%џў12.50%џў70%џў100%І ›“!!  @џўE2B15BDџўWhat is the audio frequency for white in an amateur slow-scan television picture?џў120 Hzџў1500 Hzџў2000 Hzџў2300 Hz—Ž…|t!!  .@џўE2B14BCџўWhat is the audio frequency for black in an amateur slow-scan television picture?џў2300 Hzџў2000 Hzџў1500 Hzџў120 Hz—†}t!!  Ž&@ џўE2B13BCџўHow many lines are commonly used in each frame on an amateur slow-scan color television picture?џў30 to 60џў60 or 100џў128 or 256џў180 or 360АЄ˜ƒ!!  №? џўE2B12BDџўWhat information is sent by slow-scan television transmissions?џўBaudot or ASCII characters that form a picture when printedџўPictures for permanent display on paperџўMoving picturesџўStill picturesщйШŸb!!  Œ.@ џўE2B11BBџўWhat is the approximate transmission time per frame for a fax picture transmitted by an amateur station at 240 lpm?џў6 minutesџў3.3 minutesџў6 secondsџў1/60 secondЦЙЎЁ–!!  ‹$@ џўE2B10BAџўWhat is the modern standard scan rate for a fax image transmitted by an amateur station?џў240 lines per minuteџў50 lines per minuteџў150 lines per secondџў60 lines per secondбМІ‘{!! п Б Ч у‰‹; ž&@ џўE2C09CDџўHow does the spread-spectrum technique of frequency hopping (FH) work?џўIf interference is detected by the receiver it will signal the transmitter to change frequenciesџўIf interference is detected by the receiver it will signal the transmitter to wait until the frequency is clearџўA pseudo-random binary bit stream is used to shift the phase of an RF carrier very rapidly in a particular sequenceџўThe frequency of the transmitted signal is changed very rapidly according to a particular sequence also used by the receiving station8Б<Ыi!!  *@џўE2C08CAџўWhy are received spread-spectrum signals so resistant to interference?џўSignals not using the spectrum-spreading algorithm are suppressed in the receiverџўThe high power used by a spread-spectrum transmitter keeps its signal from being easily overpoweredџўThe receiver is always equipped with a special digital signal processor (DSP) interference filterџўIf interference is detected by the receiver it will signal the transmitter to change frequenciesц„!Мi!!  œ"@џўE2C07CCџўIf you are in the US calling a station in Texas on a frequency of 1832 kHz and a station replies that you are in the window, what does this mean?џўYou are operating out of the band privileges of your licenseџўYou are calling at the wrong time of day to be within the window of frequencies that can be received in Texas at that timeџўYou are transmitting in a frequency segment that is reserved for international DX contacts by gentlemen's agreementџўYour modulation has reached an undesirable level and you are interfering with another contactBуnђД!!  ›@џўE2C06CCџўDuring a VHF/UHF contest, in which band section would you expect to find the highest level of contest activity?џўAt the top of each band, usually in a segment reserved for contestsџўIn the middle of each band, usually on the national calling frequencyџўIn the weak signal segment of the band, with most of the activity near the calling frequencyџўIn the middle of the band, usually 25 kHz above the national calling frequencyЬ|з’!!  š@џўE2C05CAџўWhat does a Maidenhead gridsquare refer to?џўA two-degree longitude by one-degree latitude square, as part of a world wide numbering systemџўA one-degree longitude by one degree latitude square, beginning at the South PoleџўAn antenna made of wire grid used to amplify low-angle incoming signals while reducing high-angle incoming signalsџўAn antenna consisting of a screen or grid positioned directly beneath the radiating elementвuЎN!!  ™@џўE2C04CDџўIf a DX station asks for your grid square locator, what should be your reply?џўThe square of the power fed to the grid of your final amplifier and your current city, state and countryџўThe DX station's call sign followed by your call sign and your RST signal reportџўThe subsection of the IARU region in which you are located based upon dividing the entire region into a grid of squares 10 km wideџўYour geographic Maidenhead grid location (e.g., FN31AA) based on your current latitude and longitudeА,кp!!  ˜ @џўE2C03CCџўWhich of the following is typical of operations during an international amateur DX contest?џўCalling CQ is always done on an odd minute and listening is always done on an even minuteџўContacting a DX station is best accomplished when the WWV K index is above a reading of 8џўSome DX operators use split frequency operations (transmitting on a frequency different from the receiving frequency)џўDX contacts during the day are never possible because of known band attenuation from the sun Ћ4й~!!  з w l л­аЮ9 Ї&@џўE2D06DBџўWhat is the common 2-meter APRS frequency?џў144.20 MHzџў144.39 MHzџў145.02 MHzџў146.52 MHz}qeYM!!  І.@џўE2D05DBџўWhich of the following techniques is normally used by low-earth orbiting digital satellites to relay messages around the world?џўDigipeatingџўStore and forwardџўMulti-satellite relayingџўNode hoppingъмТЏЂ!!  Ѕ@џўE2D04DCџўWhat is the purpose of a digital store and forward on an Amateur satellite?џўTo stockpile packet TNCs and other digital hardware to be distributed to RACES operators in the event of an emergencyџўTo relay messages across the country via a network of HF digital stationsџўTo store messages in an amateur satellite for later download by other stationsџўTo store messages in a packet digipeater for relay via the InternetХ€0хn!!  Є@џўE2D03DCџўIn comparing HF and 2-meter packet Operations, which of the following is NOT true?џўHF packet typically uses an FSK signal with a data rate of 300 bauds; 2-meter packet uses an AFSK signal with a data rate of 1200 baudsџўHF packet and 2-meter packet operations use the same code for information exchangeџўHF packet is limited to Amateur Extra class amateur licensees; 2-meter packet is open to all but Novice Class amateur licenseesџўHF packet operations are limited to CW/Data-only band segments; 2-meter packet is allowed wherever FM operations are allowedQгRўu!!  Ѓ @џўE2D02DAџўWhat is a Packet Cluster Bulletin Board?џўA packet bulletin board devoted primarily to serving a special interest groupџўA group of general-purpose packet bulletin boards linked together in a clusterџўA special interest cluster of packet bulletin boards devoted entirely to packet radio computer communicationsџўA special interest telephone/modem bulletin board devoted to amateur DX operations­YъšK!!  Ђ*@џўE2D01DBџўWhat does CMD: mean when it is displayed on the video monitor of a packet station?џўThe TNC is ready to exit the packet terminal programџўThe TNC is in command mode, ready to receive instructions from the keyboardџўThe TNC will exit to the command mode on the next keystrokeџўThe TNC is in KISS mode running TCP/IP, ready for the next commandy5јЋu!!  Ё,@ џўE2C12CBџўIn North America during low sunspot activity, signals from Europe become weak and fluttery across an entire HF band two to three hours after sunset, what might help to contact other European DX stations?џўSwitch to a higher frequency HF band, because the MUF has increasedџўSwitch to a lower frequency HF band because the MUF has decreasedџўWait 90 minutes or so for the signal degradation to passџўWait 24 hours before attempting another communication on the bandѓАv3ю!!   .@ џўE2C11CAџўWhen operating SSB in a VHF contest, how should you attempt to contact a station calling CQ while a pileup of other stations are also trying to contact the same station?џўBy sending your full call sign after the distant station transmits QRZџўBy sending only the last letters of your call sign after the distant station transmits QRZџўBy sending your full call sign and grid square as soon as you hear the distant station transmit QRZџўBy sending the call sign of the distant station three times, the words "this is", then your call sign three timesHеpЬ!!  Ÿ"@ џўE2C10CAџўWhile participating in an HF contest, how should you attempt to contact a station calling CQ and stating that he is listening on another specific frequency?џўBy sending your full call sign on the listening frequency specifiedџўBy sending only the suffix of your call sign on the listening FrequencyџўBy sending your full call sign on the frequency on which you heard the station calling CQџўBy sending only the suffix of your call sign on the frequency on which you heard the station calling CQЈMП!! Ќ pˆŸ X m /SP$oв Г@џўE2E07EBџўWhat is the typical bandwidth of a properly modulated MFSK16 signal?џў31 Hzџў316 Hzџў550 Hzџў2 kHz…~vng!!  В&@џўE2E06ECџўWhat is the most common data rate used for HF packet communications?џў48 baudsџў110 baudsџў300 baudsџў1200 bauds“‡|qg!!  Б@џўE2E05EDџўWhat is the name for a bulletin transmission system that includes a special header to allow receiving stations to determine if the bulletin has been previously received?џўARQ mode AџўFEC mode BџўAMTORџўAMTEXђыфиЬ!!  А№?џўE2E04EAџўIf an oscilloscope is connected to a TNC or terminal unit and is displaying two crossed ellipses, one of which suddenly disappears, what would this indicate about the observed signal?џўThe phenomenon known as selective fading has occurredџўOne of the signal filters has saturatedџўThe receiver should be retuned, as it has probably moved at least 5 kHz from the desired receive frequencyџўThe mark and space signal have been inverted and the receiving equipment has not yet responded to the changeІ:к!!  Џ@џўE2E03ECџўHow is Forward Error Correction implemented?џўBy transmitting blocks of 3 data characters from the sending station to the receiving station, which the receiving station acknowledgesџўBy transmitting a special FEC algorithm which the receiving station uses for data validationџўBy transmitting extra data that may be used to detect and correct transmission errorsџўBy varying the frequency shift of the transmitted signal according to a predefined algorithmы6иO!!  Ў&@џўE2E02EAџўWhat do the letters FEC mean as they relate to AMTOR operation?џўForward Error CorrectionџўFirst Error CorrectionџўFatal Error CorrectionџўFinal Error CorrectionФЌ”|b!!  ­.@џўE2E01EBџўWhat is the most common method of transmitting data emissions below 30 MHz?џўDTMF tones modulating an FM signalџўFSK (frequency-shift keying) of an RF carrierџўAFSK (audio frequency-shift keying) of an FM signalџўKey-operated on/off switching of an RF carrier&іС’n!!  Ќ,@ џўE2D11DDџўWhich of the following data sources are needed to accurately transmit your geographical location over the APRS network?џўThe NMEA-0183 formatted data from a Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite receiverџўThe latitude and longitude of your location, preferably in degrees, minutes and seconds, entered into the APRS computer softwareџўThe NMEA-0183 formatted data from a LORAN navigation systemџўAll of these choices are correctгБtђš!!  Ћ$@ џўE2D10DCџўHow can an APRS station be used to help support a public service communications activity, such as a walk-a-thon?џўAn APRS station with an emergency medical technician can automatically transmit medical data to the nearest hospitalџўAPRS stations with General Personnel Scanners can automatically relay the participant numbers and time as they pass the check pointsџўAn APRS station with a GPS unit can automatically transmit information to show the station's position along the course routeџўAll of these choices are correct/  “!!  Њ@ џўE2D09DDџўUnder clear communications conditions, which of these digital communications modes has the fastest data throughput?џўAMTORџў170-Hz shift, 45 baud RTTYџўPSK31џў300-baud packetбРЙ–!!  Љ@џўE2D08DDџўWhich of the following types of packet frames is used to transmit APRS beacon data?џўConnect framesџўDisconnect framesџўAcknowledgement framesџўUnnumbered Information framesаБ™†v!!  Ј.@џўE2D07DAџўWhich of the following digital protocols does APRS use?џўAX.25џў802.11џўPACTORџўAMTORxqiaZ!! € TE ю Ј š ‹іn–І П&@ џўE3A09AAџўWhen a meteor strikes the earth's atmosphere, a cylindrical region of free electrons is formed at what layer of the ionosphere?џўThe E layerџўThe F1 layerџўThe F2 layerџўThe D layerиЫНЏЂ!!  О"@џўE3A08ADџўWhat frequency range would you normally tune to find EME stations in the 70-cm band?џў430.000 - 430.150 MHzџў430.100 - 431.100 MHzџў431.100 - 431.200 MHzџў432.000 - 432.100 MHzгМЅŽw!!  Н@џўE3A07ABџўWhat frequency range would you normally tune to find EME stations in the 2-meter band?џў144.000 - 144.001 MHzџў144.000 - 144.100 MHzџў144.100 - 144.300 MHzџў145.000 - 145.100 MHzеОЇy!!  М@џўE3A06ACџўWhat transmit and receive time sequencing is normally used on 432 MHz when attempting an EME contact?џўTwo-minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full two minutes and then receives for the following two minutesџўOne-minute sequences, where one station transmits for one minute and then receives for the following one minuteџўTwo and one half minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full 2.5 minutes and then receives for the following 2.5 minutesџўFive minute sequences, where one station transmits for five minutes and then receives for the following five minutespњsˆ!!  Л(@џўE3A05AAџўWhat transmit and receive time sequencing is normally used on 144 MHz when attempting an earth-moon-earth contact?џўTwo-minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full two minutes and then receives for the following two minutesџўOne-minute sequences, where one station transmits for one minute and then receives for the following one minuteџўTwo-and-one-half minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full 2.5 minutes and then receives for the following 2.5 minutesџўFive-minute sequences, where one station transmits for five minutes and then receives for the following five minutes}€•!!  К(@џўE3A04ADџўWhat type of receiving system is desirable for EME communications?џўEquipment with very low power outputџўEquipment with very low dynamic rangeџўEquipment with very low gainџўEquipment with very low noise figuresїаВ‹e!!  Й@џўE3A03AAџўWhen scheduling EME contacts, which of these conditions will generally result in the least path loss?џўWhen the moon is at perigeeџўWhen the moon is fullџўWhen the moon is at apogeeџўWhen the MUF is above 30 MHzіиМЅˆ!!  И(@џўE3A02ABџўWhat characterizes libration fading of an earth-moon-earth signal?џўA slow change in the pitch of the CW signalџўA fluttery irregular fadingџўA gradual loss of signal as the sun risesџўThe returning echo is several hertz lower in frequency than the transmitted signal.кЏ’e!!  З@џўE3A01ADџўWhat is the maximum separation between two stations communicating by moonbounce?џў500 miles maximum, if the moon is at perigeeџў2000 miles maximum, if the moon is at apogeeџў5000 miles maximum, if the moon is at perigeeџўAny distance as long as the stations have a mutual lunar window?ўЯЁs!!  Ж @ џўE2E12ECџўWhich of these digital communications modes has the narrowest bandwidth?џўAMTORџў170-Hz shift, 45 baud RTTYџўPSK31џў300-baud packetІ•Žrk!!  Е(@ џўE2E11EDџўWhat is the Baudot code?џўA code used to transmit data only in modern computer-based data systems using seven data bitsџўA binary code consisting of eight data bitsџўAn alternate name for Morse codeџўThe International Telegraph Alphabet Number 2 (ITA2) which uses five data bits9щЧš;!!  Д@џўE2E08EBџўWhich of the following HF digital modes can be used to transfer binary files?џўHellschreiberџўPACTORџўRTTYџўAMTOR”‡p!! c @Ы a Џ žЭќ§‰‰ Ы(@ џўE3B10BBџўWhat is the cause of gray-line propagation?џўAt midday the sun, being directly overhead, superheats the ionosphere causing increased refraction of radio wavesџўAt twilight solar absorption drops greatly while atmospheric ionization is not weakened enough to reduce the MUFџўAt darkness solar absorption drops greatly while atmospheric ionization remains steadyџўAt mid afternoon the sun heats the ionosphere, increasing radio wave refraction and the MUFш‹3СN!!  Ъ.@ џўE3B09BAџўAt what time of day is gray-line propagation most prevalent?џўTwilight, at sunrise and sunsetџўWhen the sun is directly above the location of the transmitting stationџўWhen the sun is directly overhead at the middle of the communications path between the two stationsџўWhen the sun is directly above the location of the receiving stationt.Щ€_!!  Щ@џўE3B08BDџўWhat type of propagation is probably occurring if radio signals travel along the terminator between daylight and darkness?џўTransequatorialџўSporadic-EџўLong-pathџўGray-lineаХКЎ!!  Ш@џўE3B07BDџўWhat is the typical reason for hearing an echo on the received signal of a station in Europe while directing your HF antenna toward the station?џўThe station's transmitter has poor frequency stabilityџўThe station's transmitter is producing spurious emissionsџўAuroral conditions are causing a direct and a long-path reflected signal to be receivedџўThere are two signals being received, one from the most direct path and one from long-path propagationч&ыГ!!  Ч.@џўE3B06BBџўWhat amateur band consistently yields long-path enhancement using a modest antenna of relatively high gain?џў80 metersџў20 metersџў10 metersџў6 metersЙЏЄ™Ž!!  Ц@џўE3B05BCџўOn what amateur bands can long-path propagation provide signal enhancement?џў160 to 40 metersџў30 to 10 metersџў160 to 10 metersџў6 meters to 2 metersЙЃ‘€n!!  Х,@џўE3B04BAџўWhat type of propagation is probably occurring if an HF beam antenna must be pointed in a direction 180 degrees away from a station to receive the strongest signals?џўLong-pathџўSporadic-EџўTransequatorialџўAuroralљ№пгШ!!  Ф@џўE3B03BCџўWhat is the best time of day for transequatorial propagation?џўMorningџўNoonџўAfternoon or early eveningџўLate at nightš‹oi`!!  У@џўE3B02BCџўWhat is the approximate maximum range for signals using transequatorial propagation?џў1000 milesџў2500 milesџў5000 milesџў7500 milesЇ›ƒw!!  Т(@џўE3B01BAџўWhat is transequatorial propagation?џўPropagation between two points at approximately the same distance north and south of the magnetic equatorџўPropagation between two points at approximately the same latitude on the magnetic equatorџўPropagation between two continents by way of ducts along the magnetic equatorџўPropagation between two stations at the same latitude“\ ВG!!  С@ џўE3A11ACџўWhat transmit and receive time sequencing is normally used on 144 MHz when attempting a meteor-scatter contact?џўTwo-minute sequences, where one station transmits for a full two minutes and then receives for the following two minutesџўOne-minute sequences, where one station transmits for one minute and then receives for the following one minuteџў15-second sequences, where one station transmits for 15 seconds and then receives for the following 15 secondsџў30-second sequences, where one station transmits for 30 seconds and then receives for the following 30 seconds]э} ’!!  Р@ џўE3A10ACџўWhich range of frequencies is well suited for meteor-scatter communications?џў1.8 - 1.9 MHzџў10 - 14 MHzџў28 - 148 MHzџў220 - 450 MHzЈ™‹~o!! j‡ ” б O † ;ЉТяiŒ” й,@ џўE3C13CBџўAs the frequency of a signal is increased, how does its ground wave propagation change?џўIt increasesџўIt decreasesџўIt stays the sameџўRadio waves don't propagate along the earth's surfaceрЉ–ˆz!!  и @ џўE3C12CBџўIn the northern hemisphere, in which direction should a directional antenna be pointed to take maximum advantage of auroral propagation?џўSouthџўNorthџўEastџўWestХПЙВЋ!!  з,@ џўE3C11CBџўFor a 3-element beam antenna with horizontally mounted elements, how does the main lobe takeoff angle vary with the downward slope of the ground (moving away from the antenna)?џўIt increases as the slope gets steeperџўIt decreases as the slope gets steeperџўIt does not depend on the ground slopeџўIt depends of the F-region heightnK#ћг!!  ж0@ џўE3C10CCџўWhat effect is usually responsible for propagating a VHF signal over 500 miles?џўD-region absorptionџўFaraday rotationџўTropospheric ductingџўMoonbounceЛЏ™‡r!!  е@ џўE3C09CBџўWhat is the name of the high-angle wave in HF propagation that travels for some distance within the F2 region?џўOblique-angle rayџўPedersen rayџўOrdinary rayџўHeaviside rayЯРВЄ‘!!  д@џўE3C08CBџўFor a 3-element beam antenna with horizontally mounted elements, how does the main lobe takeoff angle vary with height above flat ground?џўIt increases with increasing heightџўIt decreases with increasing heightџўIt does not vary with heightџўIt depends on E-region height, not antenna heightGібЌ!!  г№?џўE3C07CAџўHow much farther does the VHF/UHF radio-path horizon distance exceed the geometric horizon?џўBy approximately 15% of the distanceџўBy approximately twice the distanceџўBy approximately one-half the distanceџўBy approximately four times the distanceёЩЄ~!!  в"@џўE3C06CAџўHow does the bandwidth of a transmitted signal affect selective fading?џўIt is more pronounced at wide bandwidthsџўIt is more pronounced at narrow bandwidthsџўIt is the same for both narrow and wide bandwidthsџўThe receiver bandwidth determines the selective fading effect3єР”j!!  б@џўE3C05CBџўWhat causes selective fading?џўSmall changes in beam heading at the receiving stationџўPhase differences between radio-wave components of the same transmission, as experienced at the receiving stationџўLarge changes in the height of the ionosphere at the receiving station ordinarily occurring shortly after either sunrise or sunsetџўTime differences between the receiving and transmitting stationsБoыx@!!  а&@џўE3C04CAџўWhich emission mode is best for auroral propagation?CWџўSSBFMџўRTTYjd`[W!!  Я0@џўE3C03CDџўWhere in the ionosphere does auroral activity occur?џўAt F-region heightџўIn the equatorial bandџўAt D-region heightџўAt E-region heightЋ—ƒkW!!  Ю@џўE3C02CCџўWhat is the cause of auroral activity?џўA high sunspot levelџўA low sunspot levelџўThe emission of charged particles from the sunџўMeteor showers concentrated in the northern latitudesлЄt_I!!  Э@џўE3C01CDџўWhat effect does auroral activity have upon radio communications?џўThe readability of SSB signals increasesџўFM communications are clearerџўCW signals have a clearer toneџўCW signals have a fluttery toneюЭ­Žd!!  Ь@ џўE3B11BCџўWhat communications are possible during gray-line propagation?џўContacts up to 2,000 miles only on the 10-meter bandџўContacts up to 750 miles on the 6- and 2-meter bandsџўContacts up to 8,000 to 10,000 miles on three or four HF bandsџўContacts up to 12,000 to 15,000 miles on the 2 meter and 70 centimeter bands[ Э—a!! ']—g Л  6 F ‹Ф;g{’Q ч @ џўE4A12ABџўWhich of the following procedures should you follow when connecting a spectrum analyzer to a transmitter output?џўUse high quality coaxial linesџўAttenuate the transmitter output going to the spectrum analyzerџўUse a signal dividerџўMatch the antenna to the load) єГ“!!  ц0@ џўE4A11AAџўWhich of the following test instruments can be used to indicate pulse conditions in a digital logic circuit?џўA logic probeџўAn ohmmeterџўAn electroscopeџўA Wheatstone bridgeбМЋž!!  х @ џўE4A10ADџўWhat can a logic probe indicate about a digital logic circuit?џўA short-circuit faultџўAn open-circuit faultџўThe resistance between logic modulesџўThe high and low logic statesдЕxa!!  ф@ џўE4A09ACџўWhich test instrument is used to directly indicate high and low digital voltage states?џўAn ohmmeterџўAn electroscopeџўA logic probeџўA Wheatstone bridgeМЇ˜‡z!!  у@џўE4A08ADџўWhat advantage does a logic probe have over a voltmeter for monitoring the status of a logic circuit?џўIt has many more leads to connect to the circuit than a voltmeterџўIt can be used to test analog and digital circuitsџўIt can read logic circuit voltage more accurately than a voltmeterџўIt is smaller and shows a simplified readoutqCџЫˆ!!  т№?џўE4A07ABџўWhat is an advantage of using a spectrum analyzer to observe the output from a VHF transmitter?џўThere are no advantages; an inexpensive oscilloscope can display the same informationџўIt displays all frequency components of the transmitted signalџўIt displays a time-varying representation of the modulation envelopeџўIt costs much less than any other instrumentation useful for such measurementsЏ_й‚!!  с.@џўE4A06ACџўWhich of the following is NOT something that could be determined with a spectrum analyzer?џўThe degree of isolation between the input and output ports of a 2 meter duplexerџўWhether a crystal is operating on its fundamental or overtone frequencyџўThe speed at which a transceiver switches from transmit to receive when being used for packet radioџўThe spectral output of a transmitterЃ}Я}!!  р@џўE4A05ABџўWhich test instrument is used to display intermodulation distortion products in an SSB transmission?џўA wattmeterџўA spectrum analyzerџўA logic analyzerџўA time-domain reflectometerиЛЉ”‡!!  п,@џўE4A04AAџўWhich test instrument is used to display spurious signals from a radio transmitter?џўA spectrum analyzerџўA wattmeterџўA logic analyzerџўA time-domain reflectometerЧЊ˜‹v!!  о@џўE4A03AAџўWhat parameter does the vertical axis of a spectrum analyzer display?џўAmplitudeџўDurationџўFrequencyџўTimeŽˆ}sh!!  н@џўE4A02ADџўWhat parameter does the horizontal axis of a spectrum analyzer display?џўAmplitudeџўVoltageџўResonanceџўFrequency”‰~uj!!  м@џўE4A01ACџўHow does a spectrum analyzer differ from a conventional time-domain oscilloscope?џўA spectrum analyzer measures ionospheric reflection; an oscilloscope displays electrical signalsџўA spectrum analyzer displays signals in the time domain; an oscilloscope displays signals in the frequency domainџўA spectrum analyzer displays signals in the frequency domain; an oscilloscope displays signals in the time domainџўA spectrum analyzer displays radio frequencies; an oscilloscope displays audio frequenciesМIжt!!  л@џўE3C15CDџўWhy does the radio-path horizon distance exceed the geometric horizon?џўE-region skipџўD-region skipџўAuroral skipџўRadio waves may be bentЎ•‡xi!!  к@џўE3C14CAџўWhat typical polarization does ground-wave propagation have?џўVerticalџўHorizontalџўCircularџўElliptical‹ui_!!  Гн Ъ Й Њ ”Š…ЉЏ™; є@ џўE4B13BBџўHow does a dip-meter function?џўReflected waves at a specific frequency desensitize a detector coilџўPower coupled from an oscillator causes a decrease in metered currentџўPower from a transmitter cancels feedback currentџўHarmonics from an oscillator cause an increase in resonant circuit QFЭ†A!!  ѓ(@ џўE4B12BDџўWhat does a dip-meter do?џўIt accurately indicates signal strengthџўIt measures frequency accuratelyџўIt measures transmitter output power accuratelyџўIt gives an indication of the resonant frequency of a nearby circuitўИ‡e<!!  ђ@ џўE4B11BCџўWhat is a dip-meter?џўA field-strength meterџўAn SWR meterџўA device consisting of a variable frequency LC oscillator and an indicator showing the metered feedback currentџўA marker generatorтЮ]O7!!  ё,@ џўE4B10BCџўIf a 100 Hz signal is fed to the horizontal input of an oscilloscope and a 150 Hz signal is fed to the vertical input, what type of Lissajous figure will be displayed on the screen?џўA looping pattern with 100 loops horizontally and 150 loops verticallyџўA rectangular pattern 100 mm wide and 150 mm highџўA looping pattern with 3 loops horizontally and 2 loops verticallyџўAn oval pattern 100 mm wide and 150 mm highФ—S и!!  №&@ џўE4B09BCџўIf a frequency counter with a specified accuracy of +/- 10 ppm reads 432,100,000 Hz, what is the most the actual frequency being measured could differ from the reading?џў10 MHzџў10 Hzџў4321 Hzџў432.1 HzэукгЫ!!  я@џўE4B08BAџўIf a frequency counter with a specified accuracy of +/- 0.1 ppm reads 432,100,000 Hz, what is the most the actual frequency being measured could differ from the reading?џў43.21 Hzџў0.1 MHzџў432.1 Hzџў0.2 MHzђщпжЬ!!  ю"@џўE4B07BDџўIf a frequency counter with a specified accuracy of +/- 1.0 ppm reads 432,100,000 Hz, what is the most the actual frequency being measured could differ from the reading?џў43.21 MHzџў10 Hzџў1.0 MHzџў432.1 HzёчозЬ!!  э№?џўE4B06BDџўIf a frequency counter with a specified accuracy of +/- 10 ppm reads 146,520,000 Hz, what is the most the actual frequency being measured could differ from the reading?џў146.52 Hzџў10 Hzџў146.52 kHzџў1465.20 HzѕщнжЫ!!  ь @џўE4B05BAџўIf a frequency counter with a specified accuracy of +/- 0.1 ppm reads 146,520,000 Hz, what is the most the actual frequency being measured could differ from the reading?џў14.652 Hzџў0.1 MHzџў1.4652 Hzџў1.4652 kHzїырзЬ!!  ы(@џўE4B04BCџўIf a frequency counter with a specified accuracy of +/- 1.0 ppm reads 146,520,000 Hz, what is the most the actual frequency being measured could differ from the reading?џў165.2 Hzџў14.652 kHzџў146.52 Hzџў1.4652 MHzљэтжЬ!!  ъ@џўE4B03BCџўHow can the accuracy of a frequency counter be improved?џўBy using slower digital logicџўBy improving the accuracy of the frequency responseџўBy increasing the accuracy of the time baseџўBy using faster digital logicћмЏz[!!  щ"@џўE4B02BBџўWhat factors limit the accuracy, frequency response and stability of a frequency counter?џўPhase comparator slew rate, speed of the logic and time base stabilityџўTime base accuracy, speed of the logic and time base stabilityџўTime base accuracy, temperature coefficient of the logic and time base reactanceџўNumber of digits in the readout, external frequency reference and temperature coefficient of the logicОVФ|!!  ш0@џўE4B01BBџўWhat is a frequency standard?џўA frequency chosen by a net control operator for net operationsџўA device used to produce a highly accurate reference frequencyџўA device for accurately measuring frequency to within 1 HzџўA device used to generate wide-band random frequencies5§С@!! Ю H T E жru…Aђ џ,@џўE4C05CCџўWhat is the FM capture effect?џўAll signals on a frequency are demodulated by an FM receiverџўAll signals on a frequency are demodulated by an AM receiverџўThe strongest signal received is the only demodulated signalџўThe weakest signal received is the only demodulated signal7ћНA!!  ў@џўE4C04CAџўWhich of the following is one way receiver desensitization can be reduced?џўImprove the shielding between the receiver and the transmitter causing the problemџўIncrease the transmitter audio gainџўDecrease the receiver squelch levelџўIncrease the receiver bandwidth, цСm!!  §,@џўE4C03CBџўWhich of the following can cause receiver desensitization?џўAudio gain adjusted too lowџўStrong adjacent-channel signalsџўAudio bias adjusted too highџўSquelch gain adjusted too lowиЙ›z]!!  ќ,@џўE4C02CAџўWhat is the term for the reduction in receiver sensitivity caused by a strong signal near the received frequency?џўDesensitizationџўQuietingџўCross-modulation interferenceџўSquelch gain rollbackхЮЏЅ”!!  ћ&@џўE4C01CDџўWhat is the effect of excessive phase noise in the local oscillator section of a receiver?џўIt limits the receiver ability to receive strong signalsџўIt reduces the receiver sensitivityџўIt decreases the receiver third-order intermodulation distortion dynamic rangeџўIt allows strong signals on nearby frequencies to interfere with reception of weak signalsˆ,мЗ}!!  њ&@џўE4B19BDџўHow can the frequency response of an oscilloscope be improved?џўBy using a triggered sweep and a crystal oscillator as the time baseџўBy using a crystal oscillator as the time base and increasing the vertical sweep rateџўBy increasing the vertical sweep rate and the horizontal amplifier frequency responseџўBy increasing the horizontal sweep rate and the vertical amplifier frequency responseЌUўЇa!!  љ(@џўE4B18BBџўWhat factors limit the accuracy, frequency response and stability of a D'Arsonval-type meter?џўCalibration, coil impedance and meter sizeџўCalibration, mechanical tolerance and coil impedanceџўCoil impedance, electromagnetic voltage and movement massџўCalibration, series resistance and electromagnet currentWтЌ€!!  ј&@џўE4B17BBџўWhat happens in a dip-meter when it is too tightly coupled with a tuned circuit being checked?џўHarmonics are generatedџўA less accurate reading resultsџўCross modulation occursџўIntermodulation distortion occursїдЛš!!  ї0@џўE4B16BAџўWhat factors limit the accuracy, frequency response and stability of an oscilloscope?џўAccuracy and linearity of the time base and the linearity and bandwidth of the deflection amplifiersџўTube face voltage increments and deflection amplifier voltageџўAccuracy and linearity of the time base and tube face voltage incrementsџўDeflection amplifier output impedance and tube face frequency incrementsБgоx!!  і.@џўE4B15BAџўFor best accuracy, how tightly should a dip-meter be coupled with the LC circuit being checked?џўAs loosely as possibleџўAs tightly as possibleџўFirst loosely, then tightlyџўWith a jumper wire between the meter and the circuit to be checkedЯВš‚!!  ѕ$@џўE4B14BDџўWhat two ways could a dip-meter be used in an amateur station?џўTo measure resonant frequency of antenna traps and to measure percentage of modulationџўTo measure antenna resonance and to measure percentage of modulationџўTo measure antenna resonance and to measure antenna impedanceџўTo measure resonant frequency of antenna traps and to measure a tuned circuit resonant frequency >џЙa!! ƒ w n 0 шЃ *@џўE4C14CAџўIf a receiver tuned to 146.70 MHz receives an intermodulation-product signal whenever a nearby transmitter transmits on 146.52 MHz, what are the two most likely frequencies for the other interfering signal?џў146.34 MHz and 146.61 MHzџў146.88 MHz and 146.34 MHzџў146.10 MHz and 147.30 MHzџў73.35 MHz and 239.40 MHz\B' ё!!   @ џўE4C13CBџўHow can intermodulation interference between two repeater transmitters in close proximity often be reduced or eliminated?џўBy using a Class C final amplifier with high driving powerџўBy installing a terminated circulator or ferrite isolator in the feed line to the transmitter and duplexerџўBy installing a band-pass filter in the antenna feed lineџўBy installing a low-pass filter in the antenna feed lineЙDиœ!!  @ џўE4C12CBџўHow does intermodulation interference between two repeater transmitters usually occur?џўWhen the signals from the transmitters are reflected out of phase from airplanes passing overheadџўWhen they are in close proximity and the signals mix in one or both of their final amplifiersџўWhen they are in close proximity and the signals cause feedback in one or both of their final amplifiersџўWhen the signals from the transmitters are reflected in phase from airplanes passing overheadЅ;мy!!  @ џўE4C11CBџўIf you measured the MDS of a receiver, what would you be measuring?џўThe meter display sensitivity (MDS), or the responsiveness of the receiver S-meter to all signalsџўThe minimum discernible signal (MDS), or the weakest signal that the receiver can detectџўThe minimum distorting signal (MDS), or the strongest signal the receiver can detect without overloadingџўThe maximum detectable spectrum (MDS), or the lowest to highest frequency range of the receiverю#Щf!!  @ џўE4C10CAџўWhat type of problems are caused by poor dynamic range in a communications receiver?џўCross modulation of the desired signal and desensitization from strong adjacent signalsџўOscillator instability requiring frequent retuning, and loss of ability to recover the opposite sideband, should it be transmittedџўCross modulation of the desired signal and insufficient audio power to operate the speakerџўOscillator instability and severe audio distortion of all but the strongest received signalsАTаw!!  @ џўE4C09CCџўWhat is meant by the dynamic range of a communications receiver?џўThe number of kHz between the lowest and the highest frequency to which the receiver can be tunedџўThe maximum possible undistorted audio output of the receiver, referenced to one milliwattџўThe ratio between the minimum discernible signal and the largest tolerable signal without causing audible distortion productsџўThe difference between the lowest-frequency signal and the highest-frequency signal detectable without moving the frequency control&Ё"Цc!!  0@џўE4C08CBџўWhat is the blocking dynamic range for a receiver that has an 8-dB noise figure and an IF bandwidth of 500 Hz when the blocking level (1-dB compression point) is -20 dBm?џў-119 dBmџў119 dBџў146 dBџў-146 dBmёчпзЭ!!  "@џўE4C07CDџўWhat is meant by the noise floor of a receiver?џўThe weakest signal that can be detected under noisy atmospheric conditionsџўThe amount of phase noise generated by the receiver local oscillatorџўThe minimum level of noise that will overload the receiver RF amplifier stageџўThe weakest signal that can be detected above the receiver internal noise~3фžR!!  @џўE4C06CCџўWhat is the term for the blocking of one FM phone signal by another, stronger FM phone signal?џўDesensitizationџўCross-modulation interferenceџўCapture effectџўFrequency discriminationлСБ’!! bŽ( ^ ` J C ŽбТjjkŒ $@џўE4D01DAџўWhat is one of the most significant problems associated with reception in HF transceivers?џўIgnition noiseџўDoppler shiftџўRadar interferenceџўMechanical vibrationsЧАœ}!!  0@џўE4C27CDџўIn a receiver, if the second-order intermodulation products have a power of-70 dBm when using two test tones at -30 dBm, what is the second-order intercept point?џў-20 dBmџў-10 dBmџў0 dBmџў+10 dBmчозЮХ!!  №?џўE4C26CBџўIn a receiver, if the third-order intermodulation products have a power of-70 dBm when using two test tones at -30 dBm, what is the third-order intercept point?џў-20 dBmџў-10 dBmџў0 dBmџўD +10 dBmшмеЬУ!!  @џўE4C25CDџўWhat degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF section of an FM phone receiver?џў1 kHzџў2.4 kHzџў4.2 kHzџў15 kHz–Ž…|u!!  (@џўE4C24CAџўHow should the filter bandwidth of a receiver IF section compare with the bandwidth of a received signal?џўIt should be slightly greater than the received-signal bandwidthџўIt should be approximately half the received-signal bandwidthџўIt should be approximately twice the received-signal bandwidthџўIt should be approximately four times the received-signal bandwidth’M ЮŒ!!  №?џўE4C23CDџўWhat is an undesirable effect of using too wide a filter bandwidth in the IF section of a receiver?џўOutput-offset overshootџўFilter ringingџўThermal-noise distortionџўUndesired signals will reach the audio stageїЩЏŸ†!!  *@џўE4C22CBџўWhat degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of a single-sideband phone receiver?џў1 kHzџў2.4 kHzџў4.2 kHzџў4.8 kHzЅœ“Šƒ!!  @џўE4C21CBџўWhat degree of selectivity is desirable in the IF circuitry of an amateur RTTY receiver?џў100 Hzџў300 Hzџў6000 Hzџў2400 Hz”‹ƒ{!!  @џўE4C20CCџўSelectivity can be achieved in the front-end circuitry of a communications receiver by using what means?џўAn audio filterџўAn additional RF amplifier stageџўA preselectorџўAn additional IF amplifier stageяЭОœ‹!!  @џўE4C19CAџўWhat is the limiting condition for sensitivity in a communications receiver?џўThe noise floor of the receiverџўThe power-supply output rippleџўThe two-tone intermodulation distortionџўThe input impedance to the detectorўйАo!!  @џўE4C18CDџўWhat two factors determine the sensitivity of a receiver?џўDynamic range and third-order interceptџўCost and availabilityџўIntermodulation distortion and dynamic rangeџўBandwidth and noise figureцЪœ…\!!  @џўE4C17CCџўWhat causes intermodulation in an electronic circuit?џўToo little gainџўLack of neutralizatonџўNonlinear circuits or devicesџўPositive feedbackВŸ€iX!!  @џўE4C16CDџўWhat is cross-modulation interference?џўInterference between two transmitters of different modulation typeџўInterference caused by audio rectification in the receiver preampџўHarmonic distortion of the transmitted signalџўModulation from an unwanted signal is heard in addition to the desired signalNџаI!!  №?џўE4C15CDџўIf the signals of two transmitters mix together in one or both of their final amplifiers and unwanted signals at the sum and difference frequencies of the original signals are generated, what is this called?џўAmplifier desensitizationџўNeutralizationџўAdjacent channel interferenceџўIntermodulation interferenceZ< ђ!! p …A ‰ є<юЋИ” !(@џўE4E02EAџўWhat is the main drawback of a wire-loop antenna for direction finding?џўIt has a bidirectional pattern broadside to the loopџўIt is non-rotatableџўIt receives equally well in all directionsџўIt is practical for use only on VHF bands сЕ j!!  0@џўE4E01EDџўWhat circuit construction technique uses leadless components mounted between circuit board pads?џўRaised mountingџўIntegrated circuit mountingџўHybrid device mountingџўSurface mountingлЩБ”ƒ!!  *@ џўE4D10DBџўWhich of the following types of equipment would be least useful in locating power line noise?џўAn AM receiver with a directional antennaџўAn FM receiver with a directional antennaџўA hand-held RF snifferџўAn ultrasonic transducer, amplifier and parabolic reflector+южЋ€!!  *@ џўE4D09DAџўWhat type of signal is picked up by electrical wiring near a radio transmitter?џўA common-mode signal at the frequency of the radio transmitterџўAn electrical-sparking signalџўA differential-mode signal at the AC power line frequencyџўHarmonics of the AC power line frequency6 бВr!!  @џўE4D08DCџўHow can it be determined if line-noise interference is being generated within your home?џўBy checking the power-line voltage with a time-domain reflectometerџўBy observing the AC power line waveform with an oscilloscopeџўBy turning off the AC power line main circuit breaker and listening on a battery-operated radioџўBy observing the AC power line voltage with a spectrum analyzer _ўР{!!  *@џўE4D07DBџўWhat is a major cause of atmospheric static?џўSunspotsџўThunderstormsџўAirplanesџўMeteor showersƒshYO!!  @џўE4D06DBџўHow can noise from an electric motor be suppressed?џўInstall a ferrite bead on the AC line used to power the motorџўInstall a brute-force, AC-line filter in series with the motor leadsџўInstall a bypass capacitor in series with the motor leadsџўUse a ground-fault current interrupter in the circuit used to power the motoreл•V!!  0@џўE4D05DDџўHow can conducted and radiated noise caused by an automobile alternator be suppressed?џўBy installing filter capacitors in series with the DC power lead and by installing a blocking capacitor in the field leadџўBy connecting the radio to the battery by the longest possible path and installing a blocking capacitor in both leadsџўBy installing a high-pass filter in series with the radio's power lead and a low-pass filter in parallel with the field leadџўBy connecting the radio's power leads directly to the battery and by installing coaxial capacitors in the alternator leadseщkєy!!  ,@џўE4D04DBџўHow can alternator whine be minimized?џўBy connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the longest possible pathџўBy connecting the radio's power leads to the battery by the shortest possible pathџўBy installing a high-pass filter in series with the radio's DC power lead to the vehicle's electrical systemџўBy installing filter capacitors in series with the DC power lead ^№œI!!  @џўE4D03DCџўWhere should ferrite beads be installed to suppress ignition noise in a mobile transceiver?џўIn the resistive high-voltage cableџўBetween the starter solenoid and the starter motorџўIn the primary and secondary ignition leadsџўIn the antenna lead to the transceiver,зЃ~!!  .@џўE4D02DAџўWhat is the proper procedure for suppressing electrical noise in a mobile transceiver?џўFollow the vehicle manufacturer's recommended proceduresџўInsulate all plane sheet metal surfaces from each otherџўApply antistatic spray liberally to all non-metallic surfacesџўInstall filter capacitors in series with all DC wiringc+ьГy!! ( яћ  е •зжќJ +.@џўE5A01AAџўWhat can cause the voltage across reactances in series to be larger than the voltage applied to them?џўResonanceџўCapacitanceџўConductanceџўResistanceЙ­ “ˆ!!  *$@ џўE4E11EAџўWhat is the amateur station activity known as fox hunting?џўAttempting to locate a hidden transmitter by using receivers and direction-finding techniquesџўAttempting to locate a hidden receiver by using receivers and direction-finding techniquesџўAssisting government agents with tracking transmitter collars worn by foxesџўAssembling stations using generators and portable antennas to test emergency communications skillsЩeМ]!!  )@ џўE4E10ECџўWhat type of terrain can cause errors in direction finding?џўHomogeneous terrainџўSmooth grassy terrainџўVaried terrainџўTerrain with no buildings or mountainsТšŠs^!!  (@ џўE4E09EBџўWhy is an antenna with a cardioid pattern desirable for a direction-finding system?џўThe broad-side responses of the cardioid pattern can be aimed at the desired stationџўThe deep null of the cardioid pattern can pinpoint the direction of the desired stationџўThe sharp peak response of the cardioid pattern can pinpoint the direction of the desired stationџўThe high-radiation angle of the cardioid pattern is useful for short-distance direction findingщˆ%Ьv!!  '0@џўE4E08EDџўHow can the output voltage of a loop antenna be increased?џўBy reducing the permeability of the loop shieldџўBy increasing the number of wire turns in the loop and reducing the area of the loop structureџўBy reducing either the number of wire turns in the loop or the area of the loop structureџўBy increasing either the number of wire turns in the loop or the area of the loop structureІIюŽ]!!  &@џўE4E07ECџўWhat is a loop antenna?џўA large circularly-polarized antennaџўA small coil of wire tightly wound around a toroidal ferrite coreџўSeveral turns of wire wound in the shape of a large open coilџўAny antenna coupled to a feed line through an inductive loop of wire(тЃ`:!!  %.@џўE4E06EAџўWhat is a sense antenna?џўA vertical antenna added to a loop antenna to produce a cardioid reception patternџўA horizontal antenna added to a loop antenna to produce a cardioid reception patternџўA vertical antenna added to an Adcock antenna to produce a omnidirectional reception patternџўA horizontal antenna added to an Adcock antenna to produce a omnidirectional reception patternЃCх;!!  $№?џўE4E05EDџўWhy is an RF attenuator desirable in a receiver used for direction finding?џўIt narrows the bandwidth of the received signalџўIt eliminates the effects of isotropic radiationџўIt reduces loss of received signals caused by antenna pattern nullsџўIt prevents receiver overload from extremely strong signalsSбŸn!!  #@џўE4E04ECџўWhat is the triangulation method of direction finding?џўThe geometric angle of ground waves and sky waves from the signal source are used to locate the sourceџўA fixed receiving station plots three beam headings from the signal source on a mapџўBeam antenna headings from several receiving stations are used to plot the signal source on a mapџўA fixed receiving station uses three different antennas to plot the location of the signal sourceмyСY!!  "*@џўE4E03EBџўWhat pattern is desirable for a direction-finding antenna?џўOne which is non-cardioidџўOne with good front-to-back and front-to-side ratioџўOne with good top-to-bottom and side-to-side ratioџўOne with shallow nullsљс­x]!! Т * № † ДЭљ/W}ЄЧ 9@џўE5A15ADџўWhat is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 21.15 MHz and a Q of 95?џў4.49 kHzџў44.9 kHzџў22.3 kHzџў222.6 kHzХКАІœ!!  8*@џўE5A14AAџўWhat is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 14.25 MHz and a Q of 150?џў95 kHzџў10.5 kHzџў10.5 MHzџў17 kHzСЙЏЅ!!  7&@ џўE5A13ACџўWhat is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 7.1 MHz and a Q of 150?џў211 kHzџў16.5 kHzџў47.3 kHzџў21.1 kHzТИЎЄ›!!  6@ џўE5A12AAџўWhat is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 1.8 MHz and a Q of 95?џў18.9 kHzџў1.89 kHzџў189 Hzџў58.7 kHzРЖЎЄš!!  5@ џўE5A11ACџўWhat is the relationship between the current into (or out of) a parallel resonant circuit and the voltage across the circuit?џўThe voltage leads the current by 90 degreesџўThe current leads the voltage by 90 degreesџўThe voltage and current are in phaseџўThe voltage and current are 180 degrees out of phaseV њЭ !!  4@ џўE5A10ACџўWhat is the relationship between the current through a resonant circuit and the voltage across the circuit?џўThe voltage leads the current by 90 degreesџўThe current leads the voltage by 90 degreesџўThe voltage and current are in phaseџўThe voltage and current are 180 degrees out of phaseDшЛŽ!!  3$@ џўE5A09AAџўWhat is the magnitude of the current at the input of a parallel R-L-C circuit at resonance?џўIt is at a minimumџўIt is at a maximumџўIt is DCџўIt is zeroМАІ’~!!  2,@џўE5A08ABџўWhat is the magnitude of the circulating current within the components of a parallel L-C circuit at resonance?џўIt is at a minimumџўIt is at a maximumџўIt is DCџўIt is zeroЯУЙЅ‘!!  1"@џўE5A07ABџўWhat is the magnitude of the current at the input of a series R-L-C circuit at resonance?џўIt is at a minimumџўIt is at a maximumџўIt is DCџўIt is zeroКЎЄ|!!  0*@џўE5A06AAџўWhat is the magnitude of the impedance of a circuit with a resistor, an inductor and a capacitor all in parallel, at resonance?џўApproximately equal to circuit resistanceџўApproximately equal to inductive reactanceџўLow, as compared to the circuit resistanceџўApproximately equal to capacitive reactanceR%љЭЂ!!  /№?џўE5A05ADџўWhat is the magnitude of the impedance of a series R-L-C circuit at resonance?џўHigh, as compared to the circuit resistanceџўApproximately equal to capacitive reactanceџўApproximately equal to inductive reactanceџўApproximately equal to circuit resistance"їЫžq!!  . @џўE5A04ADџўWhen the inductive reactance of an electrical circuit equals its capacitive reactance, what is this condition called?џўReactive quiescenceџўHigh QџўReactive equilibriumџўResonanceжЫЕ­˜!!  -@џўE5A03ABџўWhat are the conditions for resonance to occur in an electrical circuit?џўThe power factor is at a minimumџўInductive and capacitive reactances are equalџўThe square root of the sum of the capacitive and inductive reactance is equal to the resonant frequencyџўThe square root of the product of the capacitive and inductive reactance is equal to the resonant frequency’%Мk!!  ,$@џўE5A02ACџўWhat is resonance in an electrical circuit?џўThe highest frequency that will pass currentџўThe lowest frequency that will pass currentџўThe frequency at which capacitive reactance equals inductive reactanceџўThe frequency at which power factor is at a minimum&ёЉ|N!! Ф%Hr › Х я  E qœƒRŽТлє J(@џўE5B07BDџўWhat is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and two 1-megohm resistors all in parallel?џў47 secondsџў101.1 secondsџў103 secondsџў220 secondsЯТЕІš!!  I@џўE5B06BAџўWhat is the time constant of a circuit having two 100-microfarad capacitors and two 470-kilohm resistors all in series?џў47 secondsџў101.1 secondsџў103 secondsџў220 secondsЯТЕІš!!  H.@џўE5B05BDџўThe capacitor in an RC circuit is discharged to what percentage of the starting voltage after two time constants?џў86.50%џў63.20%џў36.80%џў13.50%ДЌЄœ”!!  G№?џўE5B04BCџўThe capacitor in an RC circuit is charged to what percentage of the supply voltage after two time constants?џў36.80%џў63.20%џў86.50%џў95%ЌЇŸ—!!  F&@џўE5B03BDџўWhat is the term for the time it takes for a charged capacitor in an RC circuit to discharge to 36.8% of its initial value of stored charge?џўOne discharge periodџўAn exponential discharge rate of oneџўA discharge factor of oneџўOne time constantыХЏ!!  E"@џўE5B02BAџўWhat is the term for the time required for the current in an RL circuit to build up to 63.2% of the maximum value?џўOne time constantџўAn exponential period of oneџўA time factor of oneџўOne exponential rateђмЦЈ•!!  D.@џўE5B01BBџўWhat is the term for the time required for the capacitor in an RC circuit to be charged to 63.2% of the supply voltage?џўAn exponential rate of oneџўOne time constantџўOne exponential periodџўA time factor of oneїсЩЖš!!  C@џўE5A25AAџўWhat is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 3 microhenrys and C is 15 picofarads?џў23.7 MHzџў23.7 kHzџў35.4 kHzџў35.4 MHzНГЉŸ•!!  B@џўE5A24ACџўWhat is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 8 microhenrys and C is 7 picofarads?џў2.84 MHzџў28.4 MHzџў21.3 MHzџў2.13 MHzМВЈž”!!  A(@џўE5A23ADџўWhat is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 4 microhenrys and C is 20 picofarads?џў19.9 kHzџў17.8 kHzџў19.9 MHzџў17.8 MHzНГЉŸ•!!  @.@џўE5A22ABџўWhat is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 3 microhenrys and C is 40 picofarads?џў13.1 MHzџў14.5 MHzџў14.5 kHzџў13.1 kHzНГЉŸ•!!  ?(@џўE5A21AAџўWhat is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 25 microhenrys and C is 10 picofarads?џў10.1 MHzџў63.7 MHzџў10.1 kHzџў63.7 kHzОДЊ –!!  >"@џўE5A20ADџўWhat is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 50 microhenrys and C is 10 picofarads?џў3.18 MHzџў3.18 kHzџў7.12 kHzџў7.12 MHzОДЊ –!!  =@џўE5A19ABџўWhat is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 40 microhenrys and C is 200 picofarads?џў1.99 kHzџў1.78 MHzџў1.99 MHzџў1.78 kHzПЕЋЁ—!!  <№?џўE5A18ACџўWhat is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 50 microhenrys and C is 40 picofarads?џў79.6 MHzџў1.78 MHzџў3.56 MHzџў7.96 MHzОДЊ –!!  ;&@џўE5A17ACџўWhat is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 14.25 MHz and a Q of 187?џў22.3 kHzџў10.8 kHzџў76.2 kHzџў13.1 kHzХЛБЇ!!  :$@џўE5A16ACџўWhat is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 3.7 MHz and a Q of 118?џў22.3 kHzџў76.2 kHzџў31.4 kHzџў10.8 kHzУЙЏЅ›!! q% ѓ    &9Dnїчу Y,@ џўE5C11CCџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-picofarad capacitor in parallel with a 4,000-ohm resistor at 500 kHz?џў2490 ohms, /__51.5_degrees__џў4000 ohms, /__38.5_degrees__џў2490 ohms, /__-51.5_degrees__џў5112 ohms, /__-38.5_degrees__.№вД!!  X@ џўE5C10CAџўIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 10-microhenry inductor in series with a 40-ohm resistor at 500 MHz?џў40 + j31,400џў40 - j31,400џў31,400 + j40џў31,400 - j40ьоаТД!!  W@ џўE5C09CAџўWhat is the third family of circles, which are added to a Smith chart during the process of solving problems?џўStanding-wave ratio circlesџўAntenna-length circlesџўCoaxial-length circlesџўRadiation-pattern circlesјнХ­!!  V@џўE5C08CCџўWhat is the process of normalizing with regard to a Smith chart?џўReassigning resistance values with regard to the reactance axisџўReassigning reactance values with regard to the resistance axisџўReassigning impedance values with regard to the prime centerџўReassigning prime center with regard to the reactance axis_#хЄc!!  U,@џўE5C07CDџўOn the Smith chart shown in Figure E5-1, what is the only straight line shown?џўThe reactance axisџўThe current axisџўThe voltage axisџўThe resistance axisОЉ—…q!!  T@џўE5C06CBџўOn the Smith chart shown in Figure E5-1, what is the name for the large outer circle bounding the coordinate portion of the chart?џўPrime axisџўReactance axisџўImpedance axisџўPolar axisнбСБЅ!!  S0@џўE5C05CAџўWhat type of chart is shown in Figure E5-1?џўSmith chartџўFree-space radiation directivity chartџўVertical-space radiation pattern chartџўHorizontal-space radiation pattern chartеЋƒ[N!!  R*@џўE5C04CCџўWhat are the two families of circles that make up a Smith chart?џўResistance and voltageџўReactance and voltageџўResistance and reactanceџўVoltage and impedanceУЌ’{c!!  Q @џўE5C03CCџўWhat type of calculations can be performed using a Smith chart?џўBeam headings and radiation patternsџўSatellite azimuth and elevation bearingsџўImpedance and SWR values in transmission linesџўCircuit gain calculations§тВˆb!!  P@џўE5C02CBџўWhat type of coordinate system is used in a Smith chart?џўVoltage circles and current arcsџўResistance circles and reactance arcsџўVoltage lines and current chordsџўResistance lines and reactance chordsэЦЄ}[!!  O&@џўE5C01CAџўWhat type of graph can be used to calculate impedance along transmission lines?џўA Smith chartџўA logarithmic chartџўA Jones chartџўA radiation pattern chartРЅ–r!!  N@ џўE5B11BCџўHow long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 294 V DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1-megohm resistor is connected across it?џў0.02 secondsџў0.08 secondsџў450 secondsџў1350 secondsјънЯС!!  M.@ џўE5B10BBџўHow long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 0.37 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it?џў0.02 secondsџў0.08 secondsџў450 secondsџў1350 secondsљыоаТ!!  L,@ џўE5B09BAџўHow long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 7.36 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it?џў0.02 secondsџў0.08 secondsџў450 secondsџў1350 secondsљыоаТ!!  K.@џўE5B08BCџўWhat is the time constant of a circuit having a 220-microfarad capacitor in series with a 470-kilohm resistor?џў47 secondsџў80 secondsџў103 secondsџў220 secondsУЖЉ‘!! 3 !т E Ї  ~ъЙ|ъW d*@ џўE5D09DBџўWhat is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series RLC circuit if XC is 75 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 100 ohms?џў76 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў76 degrees with the voltage lagging the current{JшЗ!!  c(@џўE5D08DBџўWhat is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series RLC circuit if XC is 25 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 50 ohms?џў14 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў76 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў76 degrees with the voltage leading the currentzIчЖ!!  b,@џўE5D07DAџўWhat is the relationship between the current through an inductor and the voltage across an inductor?џўVoltage leads current by 90 degreesџўCurrent leads voltage by 90 degreesџўVoltage and current are 180 degrees out of phaseџўVoltage and current are in phase%бЌ‡!!  a@џўE5D06DDџўWhat is the relationship between the current through and the voltage across a capacitor?џўVoltage and current are in phaseџўVoltage and current are 180 degrees out of phaseџўVoltage leads current by 90 degreesџўCurrent leads voltage by 90 degreesєЯ{!!  `@џўE5D05DDџўWhat is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series R-L-C circuit if XC is 50 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 75 ohms?џў76 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў76 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage leading the current|KщИ!!  _№?џўE5D04DAџўWhat is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series R-L-C circuit if XC is 100 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 75 ohms?џў14 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў76 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў76 degrees with the voltage lagging the current}LъЙ!!  ^$@џўE5D03DDџўWhat is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series R-L-C circuit if XC is 50 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 25 ohms?џў76 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў76 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage lagging the current|KщИ!!  ]*@џўE5D02DCџўWhat is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series R-L-C circuit if XC is 500 ohms, R is 1 kilohm, and XL is 250 ohms?џў68.2 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў14.0 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў14.0 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў68.2 degrees with the voltage lagging the current†S эК!!  \&@џўE5D01DAџўWhat is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series R-L-C circuit if XC is 25 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 100 ohms?џў36.9 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў53.1 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў36.9 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў53.1 degrees with the voltage leading the current…RьЙ!!  [@џўE5C14CBџўHow are the wavelength scales on a Smith chart calibrated?џўIn portions of transmission line electrical frequencyџўIn portions of transmission line electrical wavelengthџўIn portions of antenna electrical wavelengthџўIn portions of antenna electrical frequency'њЬ”]!!  Z&@ џўE5C13CDџўWhat are the curved lines on a Smith chart?џўPortions of current circlesџўPortions of voltage circlesџўPortions of resistance circlesџўPortions of reactance circlesЧЈˆkN!! 6 nЮ Ђ L ђЛƒR#їI\ ђ№? џўE9C18CBџўHow would the electric field be oriented for a Yagi with three elements mounted parallel to the ground?џўVerticallyџўHorizontallyџўRight-hand ellipticallyџўLeft-hand ellipticallyеНЄ–Š!!  ё$@ џўE9C17CDџўWhat is one characteristic of a Beverage antenna?џўFor best performance it must not exceed 1/4 wavelength in length at the desired frequencyџўFor best performance it must be mounted more than 1 wavelength above ground at the desired frequencyџўFor best performance it should be configured as a four-sided loopџўFor best performance it should be longer than one wavelength–XЏT!!  n,@џўE5E08EBџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance inductor in series with a 400-ohm resistor?џў400 ohms, /__27_degrees__џў500 ohms, /__37_degrees__џў500 ohms, /__47_degrees__џў700 ohms, /__57_degrees__љоУЈ!!  m(@џўE5E07ECџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in parallel with a 100-ohm resistor?џў31 ohms, /__-15_degrees__џў51 ohms, /__-25_degrees__џў71 ohms, /__-45_degrees__џў91 ohms, /__-65_degrees__ќсЦЋ!!  l@џўE5E06EDџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 100-ohm resistor?џў121 ohms, /__-25_degrees__џў191 ohms, /__-85_degrees__џў161 ohms, /__-65_degrees__џў141 ohms, /__-45_degrees__§сХЉ!!  k@џўE5E05EAџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance inductor in parallel with a 300-ohm resistor?џў240 ohms, /__36.9_degrees__џў240 ohms, /__-36.9_degrees__џў500 ohms, /__53.1_degrees__џў500 ohms, /__-53.1_degrees__ хЧЊ!!  j$@џўE5E04EDџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 400-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 300-ohm resistor?џў240 ohms, /__36.9_degrees__џў240 ohms, /__-36.9_degrees__џў500 ohms, /__53.1_degrees__џў500 ohms, /__-53.1_degrees__фЦЉ!!  i$@џўE5E03EAџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance capacitor, a 600-ohm-reactance inductor, and a 400-ohm resistor, all connected in series?џў500 ohms, /__37_degrees__џў400 ohms, /__27_degrees__џў300 ohms, /__17_degrees__џў200 ohms, /__10_degrees__B' ёж!!  h$@џўE5E02EDџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor, a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor, and a 100-ohm resistor all connected in series?џў100 ohms, /__90_degrees__џў10 ohms, /__0_degrees__џў10 ohms, /__100_degrees__џў100 ohms, /__0_degrees__>$ №е!!  g@џўE5E01EBџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor in series with a 100-ohm resistor?џў121 ohms, /__35_degrees__џў141 ohms, /__45_degrees__џў161 ohms, /__55_degrees__џў181 ohms, /__65_degrees__љоУЈ!!  f@ џўE5D11DDџўWhat is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series RLC circuit if XC is 250 ohms, R is 1 kilohm, and XL is 500 ohms?џў81.47 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў81.47 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў14.04 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў14.04 degrees with the voltage leading the currentˆT ьИ!!  e@ џўE5D10DCџўWhat is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series RLC circuit if XC is 75 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 50 ohms?џў76 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage leading the currentџў14 degrees with the voltage lagging the currentџў76 degrees with the voltage leading the currentzIчЖ!! Q Ж[ Ј ъ ;S^)Fs ќ(@ џўE9D07DAџўWhy does a satellite communications antenna system for earth operation need to have rotators for both azimuth and elevation control?џўIn order to track the satellite as it orbits the earthџўBecause the antennas are large and heavyџўIn order to point the antenna above the horizon to avoid terrestrial interferenceџўTo rotate antenna polarization along the azimuth and elevate the system towards the satelliteЛ\ пЇ!!  ћ @ џўE9D06DDџўHow does the beamwidth of an antenna vary as the gain is increased?џўIt increases geometricallyџўIt increases arithmeticallyџўIt is essentially unaffectedџўIt decreasesЫНŸ‚f!!  њ @ џўE9D05DCџўHow is circular polarization produced using linearly polarized antennas?џўStack two Yagis, fed 90 degrees out of phase, to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planesџўStack two Yagis, fed in phase, to form an array with the respective elements in parallel planesџўArrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements in the same plane, fed 90 degrees out of phaseџўArrange two Yagis perpendicular to each other, with the driven elements in the same plane, fed in phaseД<лk!!  љ$@ џўE9D04DCџўHow does the gain of a parabolic dish antenna change when the operating frequency is doubled?џўGain does not changeџўGain is multiplied by 0.707џўGain increases 6 dBџўGain increases 3 dBнШГ–€!!  ј @ џўE9D03DBџўWhat is the approximate beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 20 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator?џў10 degreesџў20 degreesџў45 degreesџў60 degreesаФИЌ !!  ї@ џўE9D02DAџўWhat factors determine the EIRP required by an amateur satellite station in earth operation?џўSatellite antennas and height, satellite receiver sensitivityџўPath loss, earth antenna gain, signal-to-noise ratioџўSatellite transmitter power and orientation of ground receiving antennaџўElevation of satellite above horizon, signal-to-noise ratio, satellite transmitter power—=єО!!  і*@ џўE9D01DAџўWhat factors determine the receiving antenna gain required at an amateur satellite station in earth operation?џўHeight, transmitter power and antennas of satelliteџўLength of transmission line and impedance match between receiver and transmission lineџўPreamplifier location on transmission line and presence or absence of RF amplifier stagesџўHeight of earth antenna and satellite orbitІyЦ‘!!  ѕ№? џўE9C21CCџўWhat is a terminated rhombic antenna?џўAn antenna resonant at approximately double the frequency of the intended band of operationџўAn open-ended bidirectional antennaџўA unidirectional antenna terminated in a resistance equal to its characteristic impedanceџўA horizontal triangular antenna consisting of two adjacent sides and the long diagonal of a resonant rhombic antenna›%ЪЅH!!  є$@ џўE9C20CBџўWhy are elevated-radial counterpoises popular with vertically polarized antennas?џўThey reduce the far-field ground lossesџўThey reduce the near-field ground losses, compared to on-ground radial systems using more radialsџўThey reduce the radiation angleџўNone of these choices is correctC!t!!  ѓ&@ џўE9C19CAџўWhat strongly affects the shape of the far-field, low-angle elevation pattern of a vertically polarized antenna?џўThe conductivity and dielectric constant of the soilџўThe radiation resistance of the antennaџўThe SWR on the transmission lineџўThe transmitter output power2ђЩ“!! ЌФ Ф & M m ‘жџTv™НI @ џўE9E01EBџўWhat system matches a high-impedance transmission line to a lower impedance antenna by connecting the line to the driven element in two places, spaced a fraction of a wavelength each side of element center?џўThe gamma matching systemџўThe delta matching systemџўThe omega matching systemџўThe stub matching system\B' ё!!  @ џўE9D21DDџўWhat is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 12 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator?џў34 degreesџў45 degreesџў58 degreesџў51 degreesФИЌ ”!!  $@ џўE9D20DCџўWhat is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 15 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator?џў72 degreesџў52 degreesџў36 degreesџў3.6 degreesХИЌ ”!!  @ џўE9D19DBџўWhat is the beamwidth of a symmetrical pattern antenna with a gain of 30 dB as compared to an isotropic radiator?џў3.2 degreesџў6.4 degreesџў37 degreesџў60 degreesЦКЎЁ”!!  &@ џўE9D18DBџўWhat happens at the base feed-point of a fixed length HF mobile antenna as the frequency of operation is lowered?џўThe resistance decreases and the capacitive reactance decreasesџўThe resistance decreases and the capacitive reactance increasesџўThe resistance increases and the capacitive reactance decreasesџўThe resistance increases and the capacitive reactance increases˜Wе”!!  @ џўE9D17DDџўWhat is an advantage of using a trap antenna?џўIt has high directivity in the higher-frequency bandsџўIt has high gainџўIt minimizes harmonic radiationџўIt may be used for multi-band operationуК™‡P!!  @ џўE9D16DDџўWhy is a loading coil often used with an HF mobile antenna?џўTo improve receptionџўTo lower the lossesџўTo lower the QџўTo tune out the capacitive reactanceП™‰t^!!  @ џўE9D15DAџўWhat is the approximate input terminal impedance at the center of a folded dipole antenna?џў300 ohmsџў72 ohmsџў50 ohmsџў450 ohmsЃ™‡}!!  @ џўE9D14DDџўWhat is an advantage of using top loading in a shortened HF vertical antenna?џўLower QџўGreater structural strengthџўHigher lossesџўImproved radiation efficiencyФЅ–yp!!  №? џўE9D13DBџўWhat happens to the bandwidth of an antenna as it is shortened through the use of loading coils?џўIt is increasedџўIt is decreasedџўNo change occursџўIt becomes flatШЗЅ”ƒ!!   @ џўE9D12DCџўWhat is the equivalent lumped-constant network for a hairpin matching system on a 3-element Yagi?џўPi networkџўPi-L networkџўL networkџўParallel-resonant tankСЉž„!!  ,@ џўE9D11DAџўHow must the driven element in a 3-element Yagi be tuned to use a hairpin matching system?џўThe driven element reactance is capacitiveџўThe driven element reactance is inductiveџўThe driven element resonance is lower than the operating frequencyџўThe driven element radiation resistance is higher than the characteristic impedance of the transmission line†дЉ}!!  џ0@ џўE9D10DAџўWhat is a disadvantage of using a trap antenna?џўIt will radiate harmonicsџўIt can only be used for single-band operationџўIt is too sharply directional at lower frequenciesџўIt must be neutralizedшаœmR!!  ў@ џўE9D09DCџўWhy should an HF mobile antenna loading coil have a high ratio of reactance to resistance?џўTo swamp out harmonicsџўTo maximize lossesџўTo minimize lossesџўTo minimize the QаНЉ•}!!  §№? џўE9D08DAџўFor a shortened vertical antenna, where should a loading coil be placed to minimize losses and produce the most effective performance?џўNear the center of the vertical radiatorџўAs low as possible on the vertical radiatorџўAs close to the transmitter as possibleџўAt a voltage node<)гЉ!! ‘Ј “ Љ њ  ЃўъцђьеЛ 0@ џўE9E15EAџўWhat is the term for the ratio of the actual velocity at which a signal travels through a transmission line to the speed of light in a vacuum?џўVelocity factorџўCharacteristic impedanceџўSurge impedanceџўStanding wave ratioэмТБ!!  @ џўE9E14EAџўWhat characteristic will 450-ohm ladder line have at 50 MHz, as compared to 0.195-inch-diameter coaxial cable (such as RG-58)?џўLower loss in dB/100 feetџўHigher SWRџўSmaller reflection coefficientџўLower velocity factorџшШМЁ!!  "@ џўE9E13EDџўWhich of the following measurements describes a mismatched transmission line?џўAn SWR less than 1:1џўA reflection coefficient greater than 1џўA dielectric constant greater than 1џўAn SWR greater than 1:1юеЏ†p!!  @ џўE9E12EBџўWhat parameter best describes the interactions at the load end of a mismatched transmission line?џўCharacteristic impedanceџўReflection coefficientџўVelocity factorџўDielectric ConstantмЧЖž„!!  "@ џўE9E11ECџўWhat is the physical length of a parallel conductor feed line that is electrically one-half wavelength long at 14.10 MHz? (Assume a velocity factor of 0.95.)џў15 metersџў20 metersџў10 metersџў71 metersьсжЫР!!  @ џўE9E10ECџўWhat would be the physical length of a typical coaxial transmission line that is electrically one-quarter wavelength long at 14.1 MHz? (Assume a velocity factor of 0.66.)џў20 metersџў2.3 metersџў3.5 metersџў0.2 metersќ№фиЭ!!  @ џўE9E09EBџўWhat is the typical velocity factor for a coaxial cable with polyethylene dielectric?џў2.7џў0.66џў0.3џў0.1ˆƒ}x!!  @ џўE9E08EDџўWhy is the physical length of a coaxial cable transmission line shorter than its electrical length?џўSkin effect is less pronounced in the coaxial cableџўThe characteristic impedance is higher in a parallel feed lineџўThe surge impedance is higher in a parallel feed lineџўRF energy moves slower along the coaxial cableb2ћЛ†!!  @ џўE9E07ECџўWhat determines the velocity factor in a transmission line?џўThe termination impedanceџўThe line lengthџўDielectrics in the lineџўThe center conductor resistivityХЃŠy^!!  @ џўE9E06EDџўWhat is the velocity factor of a transmission line?џўThe ratio of the characteristic impedance of the line to the terminating impedanceџўThe index of shielding for coaxial cableџўThe velocity of the wave on the transmission line multiplied by the velocity of light in a vacuumџўThe velocity of the wave on the transmission line divided by the velocity of light in a vacuum—7дЊV!!  @ џўE9E05EDџўWhat should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a gamma matching circuit on a Yagi beam antenna for the 10-meter band?џў0.2 pFџў0.7 pFџў700 pFџў70 pFвЫУЛГ!!  0@ џўE9E04EBџўWhat should be the approximate capacitance of the resonating capacitor in a gamma matching circuit on a Yagi beam antenna for the 20-meter band?џў14 pFџў140 pFџў1400 pFџў0.14 pFдЫТКГ!!  0@ џўE9E03EDџўWhat impedance matching system uses a short perpendicular section of transmission line connected to the feed line near the antenna?џўThe gamma matching systemџўThe delta matching systemџўThe omega matching systemџўThe stub matching systemїмСІ!!  *@ џўE9E02EAџўWhat system matches an unbalanced feed line to an antenna by feeding the driven element both at the center of the element and at a fraction of a wavelength to one side of center?џўThe gamma matching systemџўThe delta matching systemџўThe omega matching systemџўThe stub matching system@& №е!!  я’ 8 с Œ =ёWПgБ r$@ џўE5E12EDџўIf you plot the impedance of a circuit using the rectangular coordinate system and find the impedance point falls on the right side of the graph on the horizontal line, what do you know about the circuit?џўIt has to be a direct current circuitџўIt contains resistance and capacitive reactanceџўIt contains resistance and inductive reactanceџўIt is equivalent to a pure resistancežwGя!!  q0@ џўE5E11ECџўWhat do the two numbers represent that are used to define a point on a graph using rectangular coordinates?џўThe horizontal and inverted axesџўThe vertical and inverted axesџўThe coordinate values along the horizontal and vertical axesџўThe phase angle with respect to its prime center@аАŽ!!  p @ џўE5E10EBџўWhen using rectangular coordinates to graph the impedance of a circuit, what does the vertical axis represent?џўThe voltage or current associated with the resistive componentџўThe voltage or current associated with the reactive componentџўThe sum of the reactive and resistive componentsџўThe difference between the resistive and reactive components€Bб‘!!  o.@ џўE5E09EAџўWhen using rectangular coordinates to graph the impedance of a circuit, what does the horizontal axis represent?џўThe voltage or current associated with the resistive componentџўThe voltage or current associated with the reactive componentџўThe sum of the reactive and resistive componentsџўThe difference between the resistive and reactive components‚Dг“!!  @ џўE9E22EAџўWhat kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?џўA very high impedanceџўA very low impedanceџўThe same as the characteristic impedance of the lineџўThe same as the output impedance of the generator4ЫЕž!!  &@ џўE9E21EBџўWhat kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?џўA very high impedanceџўA very low impedanceџўThe same as the characteristic impedance of the lineџўThe same as the output impedance of the generator7ЮИЁ!!  @ џўE9E20EAџўWhat kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?џўA very high impedanceџўA very low impedanceџўThe same as the characteristic impedance of the transmission lineџўThe same as the generator output impedance=ЮИЁ!!  @ џўE9E19EBџўWhat kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?џўA very high impedanceџўA very low impedanceџўThe same as the characteristic impedance of the lineџўThe same as the input impedance to the final generator stage?ЫЕž!!  "@ џўE9E18ECџўWhat kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?џўThe same as the characteristic impedance of the lineџўAn inductive reactanceџўA capacitive reactanceџўThe same as the input impedance of the final generator stageBьдž!!  "@ џўE9E17ECџўWhat kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?џўA capacitive reactanceџўThe same as the characteristic impedance of the lineџўAn inductive reactanceџўThe same as the input impedance to the final generator stageEяЙЁ!!  №? џўE9E16EBџўWhat would be the physical length of a typical coaxial transmission line that is electrically one-quarter wavelength long at 7.2 MHz? (Assume a velocity factor of 0.66.)џў10 metersџў6.9 metersџў24 metersџў50 metersљюузЬ!! •ЪЫ Щ Ы Ђ Ќ …6BJR›бП €*@џўE5F03FAџўWhere does almost all RF current flow in a conductor?џўAlong the surface of the conductorџўIn the center of the conductorџўIn a magnetic field around the conductorџўIn a magnetic field in the center of the conductorњЦœ|X!!  @џўE5F02FCџўWhat effect causes most of an RF current to flow along the surface of a conductor?џўLayer effectџўSeeburg effectџўSkin effectџўResonance effectВ “ƒu!!  ~0@џўE5F01FAџўWhat is the result of skin effect?џўAs frequency increases, RF current flows in a thinner layer of the conductor, closer to the surfaceџўAs frequency decreases, RF current flows in a thinner layer of the conductor, closer to the surfaceџўThermal effects on the surface of the conductor increase the impedanceџўThermal effects on the surface of the conductor decrease the impedanceŸWЊE!!  }@џўE5E23EAџўWhich point on Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 300 ohm resistor and a 19 picofarad capacitor at 21.200 MHz?џўPoint 1џўPoint 3џўPoint 7џўPoint 8рзЮХМ!!  |,@џўE5E22EBџўWhich point in Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 300 ohm resistor and an 18 microhenry inductor at 3.505 MHz?џўPoint 1џўPoint 3џўPoint 7џўPoint 8рзЮХМ!!  { @џўE5E21EBџўWhich point on Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 400 ohm resistor and a 38 picofarad capacitor at 14 MHz?џўPoint 2џўPoint 4џўPoint 5џўPoint 6мгЪСИ!!  z @џўE5E20EBџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a resistance of 4 ohms, an inductive reactance of 4 ohms, and a capacitive reactance of 1 ohm?џў6.4 ohms, /__53_degrees__џў5 ohms, /__37_degrees__џў5 ohms, /__45_degrees__џў10 ohms, /__-51_degrees__7ъЯ!!  y@џўE5E19EAџўIn rectangular coordinates, what is the admittance of a circuit that has an impedance of 240 ohms at 36.9 degrees?џў3.33 x 10(-3) - j2.50 x 10(-3) siemensџў3.33 x 10(-3) + j2.50 x 10(-3) siemensџў192 + j144 siemensџў3.33 - j2.50 siemensљхН•!!  x$@џўE5E18ECџўIn rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a circuit that has an admittance of 5 millisiemens at -30 degrees?џў173 - j100 ohmsџў200 + j100 ohmsџў173 + j100 ohmsџў200 - j100 ohmsоЭМЋš!!  w.@џўE5E17EBџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a circuit that has an admittance of 7.09 millisiemens at 45 degrees?џў5.03 x 10(-5) ohms, /__45_degrees__џў141 ohms, /__-45_degrees__џў19,900 ohms, /__-45_degrees__џў141 ohms, /__45_degrees__ізЛ–!!  v$@џўE5E16EAџўIn polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a circuit of 100 -j100 ohms impedance?џў141 ohms, /__-45_degrees__џў100 ohms, /__45_degrees__џў100 ohms, /__-45_degrees__џў141 ohms, /__45_degrees__цЫЏ”x!!  u&@џўE5E15EDџўWhat coordinate system can be used to display the phase angle of a circuit containing resistance, inductive and/or capacitive reactance?џўMaidenhead gridџўNational Bureau of StandardsџўFaradayџўPolarъукМЋ!!  t*@џўE5E14EDџўWhat coordinate system can be used to display the resistive, inductive, and/or capacitive reactance components of an impedance?џўMaidenhead gridџўNational Bureau of StandardsџўFaradayџўRectangularчкбГЂ!!  s"@ џўE5E13EBџўWhy would you plot the impedance of a circuit using the polar coordinate system?џўTo display the data on an XY chartџўTo give a visual representation of the phase angleџўTo graphically represent the DC componentџўTo show the reactance which is presentіЫ—s!! \Љt М  л Œ „ЎоArІhˆ ,@џўE5G07GDџўWhat is the term for an out-of-phase, nonproductive power associated with inductors and capacitors?џўEffective powerџўTrue powerџўPeak envelope powerџўReactive powerШИЃ—†!!  Ž*@џўE5G06GCџўWhy is a resistor often included in a parallel resonant circuit?џўTo increase the Q and decrease the skin effectџўTo decrease the Q and increase the resonant frequencyџўTo decrease the Q and increase the bandwidthџўTo increase the Q and decrease the bandwidth&јЪ“c!!  0@џўE5G05GDџўWhat is the Q of a parallel R-L-C circuit if the resonant frequency is 3.625 MHz, L is 42 microhenrys and R is 220 ohms?23џў0.00435џў4.35џў0.23ДЎЈŸ›!!  Œ0@џўE5G04GBџўWhat is the Q of a parallel R-L-C circuit if the resonant frequency is 7.125 MHz, L is 12.6 microhenrys and R is 22 kilohms?џў22.139џў25.6џў0.0256ЗЏЉЅŸ!!  ‹@џўE5G03GDџўWhat is the Q of a parallel R-L-C circuit if the resonant frequency is 7.125 MHz, L is 8.2 microhenrys and R is 1 kilohm?џў36.8џў0.273џў0.368џў2.72ЖАЉЂœ!!  Š@џўE5G02GCџўWhat is the Q of a parallel R-L-C circuit if the resonant frequency is 4.468 MHz, L is 47 microhenrys and R is 180 ohms?џў0.00735џў7.35џў0.136џў13.3ЗБЊЄ›!!  ‰,@џўE5G01GAџўWhat is the Q of a parallel R-L-C circuit if the resonant frequency is 14.128 MHz, L is 2.7 microhenrys and R is 18 kilohms?џў75.1џў7.51џў71.5џў0.013ИБЋЅŸ!!  ˆ@ џўE5F11FBџўWhat is the term for energy that is stored in an electromagnetic or electrostatic field?џўAmperes-joulesџўPotential energyџўJoules-coulombsџўKinetic energyОЎ‹{!!  ‡@ џўE5F10FDџўWhat determines the strength of a magnetic field around a conductor?џўThe resistance divided by the currentџўThe ratio of the current to the resistanceџўThe diameter of the conductorџўThe amount of current№йКŽg!!  †№? џўE5F09FDџўIn what direction is the magnetic field oriented about a conductor in relation to the direction of electron flow?џўIn the same direction as the currentџўIn a direction opposite to the currentџўIn all directions; omnidirectionalџўIn a direction determined by the left-hand rule7тК”!!  …(@џўE5F08FBџўWhat is a magnetic field?џўCurrent through the space around a permanent magnetџўThe space through which a magnetic force actsџўThe space between the plates of a charged capacitor, through which a magnetic force actsџўThe force that drives current through a resistor,њ q<!!  „$@џўE5F07FBџўWhat unit measures electrical energy stored in an electrostatic field?џўCoulombџўJouleџўWattџўVolt…yri!!  ƒ$@џўE5F06FCџўWhat device is used to store electrical energy in an electrostatic field?џўA batteryџўA transformerџўA capacitorџўAn inductor “†wl!!  ‚@џўE5F05FCџўWhy is the resistance of a conductor different for RF currents than for direct currents?џўBecause the insulation conducts current at high frequenciesџўBecause of the Heisenburg EffectџўBecause of skin effectџўBecause conductors are non-linear devicesђкИ{!!  ,@џўE5F04FDџўWhy does most of an RF current flow near the surface of a conductor?џўBecause a conductor has AC resistance due to self-inductanceџўBecause the RF resistance of a conductor is much less than the DC resistanceџўBecause of the heating of the conductor's interiorџўBecause of skin effect?'ѓЅg!!  {ў < j Н я Q…eCW6J .@џўE5H05HDџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a station with 100 watts transmitter power output, 1-dB feed line loss and 6-dBd antenna gain?џў350 wattsџў500 wattsџў20 wattsџў316 wattsдЩПДЉ!!  œ @џўE5H04HAџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 75 watts transmitter power output, 5-dB feed line loss, 3-dB duplexer loss, 1-dB circulator loss and 6-dBd antenna gain?џў37.6 wattsџў237 wattsџў150 wattsџў23.7 watts §ђчл!!  ›@џўE5H03HDџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a station with 75 watts transmitter power output, 4-dB feed line loss and 10-dBd antenna gain?џў600 wattsџў75 wattsџў150 wattsџў299 wattsдЩОДЉ!!  š*@џўE5H02HCџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 50 watts transmitter power output, 5-dB feed line loss, 3-dB duplexer loss, 1-dB circulator loss and 7-dBd antenna gain?џў79.2 wattsџў315 wattsџў31.5 wattsџў40.5 watts ўђчл!!  ™@џўE5H01HBџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 50 watts transmitter power output, 4-dB feed line loss, 2-dB duplexer loss, 1-dB circulator loss and 6-dBd antenna gain?џў199 wattsџў39.7 wattsџў45 wattsџў62.9 wattsќђцл!!  ˜$@џўE5G16GBџўWhat is the Q of a parallel RLC circuit if the resonant frequency is 3.625 MHz, L is 3 microhenrys and R is 2.2 kilohms?џў0.031џў32.2џў31.1џў25.6ДЎЈЂ›!!  —№?џўE5G15GAџўWhat is the Q of a parallel RLC circuit if the resonant frequency is 7.125 MHz, L is 10.1 microhenrys and R is 100 ohms?џў0.221џў4.52џў0.00452џў22.1ЗБЈЂ›!!  – @џўE5G14GDџўWhat is the Q of a parallel RLC circuit if the resonant frequency is 14.225 MHz, L is 3.5 microhenrys and R is 10 kilohms?џў7.35џў0.0319џў71.5џў31.9ЗБЋЃ!!  •@ џўE5G13GBџўWhat is the Q of a parallel RLC circuit if the resonant frequency is 14.128 MHz, L is 4.7 microhenrys and R is 18 kilohms?џў4.31џў43.1џў13.3џў0.023ЖЏЉЃ!!  ”.@ џўE5G12GAџўWhy would the power used in a circuit be less than the product of the magnitudes of the AC voltage and current?џўBecause there is a phase angle greater than zero between the current and voltageџўBecause there are only resistances in the circuitџўBecause there are no reactances in the circuitџўBecause there is a phase angle equal to zero between the current and voltage•Gф’!!  “@ џўE5G11GBџўHow many watts are consumed in a circuit having a power factor of 0.2 if the input is 100-V AC at 4 amperes?џў400 wattsџў80 wattsџў2000 wattsџў50 wattsКАЄš!!  ’,@ џўE5G10GCџўWhat is the power factor of an R-L circuit having a 60 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?џў1.414џў0.866џў0.5џў1.73ЊЄŸ˜‘!!  ‘"@ џўE5G09GAџўIn a circuit where the AC voltage and current are out of phase, how can the true power be determined?џўBy multiplying the apparent power times the power factorџўBy subtracting the apparent power from the power factorџўBy dividing the apparent power by the power factorџўBy multiplying the RMS voltage times the RMS currente/ћТˆ!!  (@џўE5G08GBџўIn a circuit that has both inductors and capacitors, what happens to reactive power?џўIt is dissipated as heat in the circuitџўIt goes back and forth between magnetic and electric fields, but is not dissipatedџўIt is dissipated as kinetic energy in the circuitџўIt is dissipated in the formation of inductive and capacitive fieldsm'є w!! aнП Б ‹ f ; R•д=ьBn ­@џўE5I05IDџўWhat is an optocoupler?џўA resistor and a capacitorџўA frequency modulated helium-neon laserџўAn amplitude modulated helium-neon laserџўAn LED and a phototransistorЧЉV:!!  Ќ&@џўE5I04ICџўWhat happens to the conductivity of a semiconductor junction when light shines on it?џўIt stays the sameџўIt becomes unstableџўIt increasesџўIt decreasesМЎ ‹x!!  Ћ.@џўE5I03IDџўWhat happens to the resistance of a photoconductive material when light shines on it?џўIt increasesџўIt becomes unstableџўIt stays the sameџўIt decreasesМЎ›†x!!  Њ"@џўE5I02IAџўWhat happens to the conductivity of a photoconductive material when light shines on it?џўIt increasesџўIt decreasesџўIt stays the sameџўIt becomes unstableОЉ–ˆz!!  Љ@џўE5I01IBџўWhat is photoconductivity?џўThe conversion of photon energy to electromotive energyџўThe increased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junctionџўThe conversion of electromotive energy to photon energyџўThe decreased conductivity of an illuminated semiconductor junction9єЛv=!!  Ј@џўE5H16HBџўHow many watts are consumed in a circuit having a power factor of 0.71 if the apparent power is 500 watts?џў704 Wџў355 Wџў252 Wџў1.42 mWЋЂ›”!!  Ї"@џўE5H15HDџўHow many watts are consumed in a circuit having a power factor of 0.6 if the input is 200V AC at 5 amperes?џў200 wattsџў1000 wattsџў1600 wattsџў600 wattsМБЅ™Ž!!  І&@џўE5H14HCџўWhat is the power factor of an RL circuit having a 30 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?џў1.73џў0.5џў0.866џў0.577ЉЂ›–!!  Ѕ@ џўE5H13HDџўWhat is the power factor of an RL circuit having a 45 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?џў0.8661џў0.5џў0.707Ѕž™—!!  Є0@ џўE5H12HAџўWhat is reactive power?џўWattless, nonproductive powerџўPower consumed in wire resistance in an inductorџўPower lost because of capacitor leakageџўPower consumed in circuit QбД‹Y:!!  Ѓ$@ џўE5H11HCџўWhat term describes station output (including the transmitter, antenna and everything in between), when considering transmitter power and system gains and losses?џўPower factorџўHalf-power bandwidthџўEffective radiated powerџўApparent powerщгХ!!  Ђ№? џўE5H10HBџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 200 watts transmitter power output, 2-dB feed line loss, 2.8-dB duplexer loss, 1.2-dB circulator loss and 7-dBd antenna gain?џў159 wattsџў252 wattsџў632 wattsџў63.2 watts іыр!!  Ё,@ џўE5H09HAџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 200 watts transmitter power output, 4-dB feed line loss, 3.2-dB duplexer loss, 0.8-dB circulator loss and 10-dBd antenna gain?џў317 wattsџў2000 wattsџў126 wattsџў300 wattsјьс!!   &@џўE5H08HDџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 150 watts transmitter power output, 2-dB feed line loss, 2.2-dB duplexer loss and 7-dBd antenna gain?џў1977 wattsџў78.7 wattsџў420 wattsџў286 wattsіырдШ!!  Ÿ@џўE5H07HCџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 120 watts transmitter power output, 5-dB feed line loss, 3-dB duplexer loss, 1-dB circulator loss and 6-dBd antenna gain?џў601 wattsџў240 wattsџў60 wattsџў79 wattsќђчм!!  ž,@џўE5H06HBџўWhat is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 100 watts transmitter power output, 5-dB feed line loss, 3-dB duplexer loss, 1-dB circulator loss and 10-dBd antenna gain?џў794 wattsџў126 wattsџў79.4 wattsџў1260 watts џѓшн!! dZ  Б в  j й VsŽ Л$@џўE6A06AAџўIn Figure E6-1, what is the schematic symbol for a PNP transistor?1245mkige!!  К(@џўE6A05ACџўWhat is the alpha of a bipolar transistor?џўThe change of collector current with respect to base currentџўThe change of base current with respect to collector currentџўThe change of collector current with respect to emitter currentџўThe change of collector current with respect to gate currentH Щ‹M!!  Й,@џўE6A04ACџўWhat is the name given to an impurity atom that adds holes to a semiconductor crystal structure?џўInsulator impurityџўN-type impurityџўAcceptor impurityџўDonor impurityЫЛЈ—ƒ!!  И0@џўE6A03ACџўWhat are the majority charge carriers in P-type semiconductor material?џўFree neutronsџўFree protonsџўHolesџўFree electronsžŽ‡yj!!  З@џўE6A02AAџўWhat type of semiconductor material contains more free electrons than pure germanium or silicon crystals?џўN-typeџўP-typeџўBipolarџўInsulated gateЕЅœ”Œ!!  Ж0@џўE6A01ACџўIn what application is gallium arsenide used as a semiconductor material in preference to germanium or silicon?џўIn high-current rectifier circuitsџўIn high-power audio circuitsџўAt microwave-frequency frequenciesџўAt very low frequency RF circuitsјдЖ’!!  Е,@ џўE5I13ICџўWhat characteristic of optoisolators makes them suitable for use with a triac to form the solid-state equivalent of a mechanical relay for a 120 V AC household circuit?џўOptoisolators provide a low impedance link between a control circuit and a power circuitџўOptoisolators provide impedance matching between the control circuit and power circuitџўOptoisolators provide a very high degree of electrical isolation between a control circuit and a power circuitџўOptoisolators eliminate (isolate) the effects of reflected light in the control circuitFэ}%Ы!!  Д@ џўE5I12IBџўWhat characteristic of optoisolators is often used in power supplies?џўThey have low impedance between the light source and the phototransistorџўThey have very high impedance between the light source and the phototransistorџўThey have low impedance between the light source and the LEDџўThey have very high impedance between the light source and the LED…@Вh!!  Г.@ џўE5I11IAџўWhich material is affected the most by photoconductivity?џўA crystalline semiconductorџўAn ordinary metalџўA heavy metalџўA liquid semiconductorГ›Œy\!!  В№? џўE5I10IBџўWhich material will exhibit the greatest photoconductive effect when infrared light shines on it?џўPotassium nitrateџўLead sulfideџўCadmium sulfideџўSodium chlorideЧЖЅ—„!!  Б(@ џўE5I09ICџўWhich material will exhibit the greatest photoconductive effect when visible light shines on it?џўPotassium nitrateџўLead sulfideџўCadmium sulfideџўSodium chlorideЦЕЄ–ƒ!!  А,@џўE5I08IDџўWhat characteristic of a crystalline solid will photoconductivity change?џўThe capacitanceџўThe inductanceџўThe specific gravityџўThe resistanceГЃ}l!!  Џ*@џўE5I07IBџўWhat is an optical shaft encoder?џўAn array of neon or LED indicators whose light transmission path is controlled by a rotating wheelџўAn array of optocouplers whose light transmission path is controlled by a rotating wheelџўAn array of neon or LED indicators mounted on a rotating wheel in a coded patternџўAn array of optocouplers mounted on a rotating wheel in a coded patternžUЈD!!  Ў.@џўE5I06IAџўWhat is an optoisolator?џўAn LED and a phototransistorџўA P-N junction that develops an excess positive charge when exposed to lightџўAn LED and a capacitorџўAn LED and a solar cellиПЇY;!! }с\ Ъ = { Œ ЏДм&R:‹Љ Ъ"@џўE6B04BAџўWhat type of semiconductor diode varies its internal capacitance as the voltage applied to its terminals varies?џўVaractorџўTunnelџўSilicon-controlled rectifierџўZenerЪУЅ“!!  Щ&@џўE6B03BCџўWhat special type of diode is capable of both amplification and oscillation?џўPoint contactџўZenerџўTunnelџўJunction—…~o!!  Ш&@џўE6B02BCџўWhat is the principal characteristic of a tunnel diode?џўA high forward resistanceџўA very high PIVџўA negative resistance regionџўA high forward current ratingУЄ†uZ!!  Ч @џўE6B01BBџўWhat is the principal characteristic of a Zener diode?џўA constant current under conditions of varying voltageџўA constant voltage under conditions of varying currentџўA negative resistance regionџўAn internal capacitance that varies with the applied voltage%чЩ‘Y!!  Ц @џўE6A17ADџўWhat are the three terminals of a field-effect transistor?џўGate 1, gate 2, drainџўEmitter, base, collectorџўEmitter, base 1, base 2џўGate, drain, sourceМЇŽt]!!  Х(@џўE6A16ABџўWhat are the majority charge carriers in N-type semiconductor material?џўHolesџўFree electronsџўFree protonsџўFree neutronsžqj!!  Ф@џўE6A15ABџўWhat type of semiconductor material contains fewer free electrons than pure germanium or silicon crystals?џўN-typeџўP-typeџўSuperconductor-typeџўBipolar-typeРВ•!!  У&@џўE6A14ABџўWhat two elements widely used in semiconductor devices exhibit both metallic and nonmetallic characteristics?џўSilicon and goldџўSilicon and germaniumџўGalena and germaniumџўGalena and bismuthуЯЙЂ!!  Т0@ џўE6A13ACџўHow does DC input impedance on the gate of a field-effect transistor compare with the DC input impedance of a bipolar transistor?џўThey cannot be compared without first knowing the supply voltageџўAn FET has low input impedance; a bipolar transistor has high input impedanceџўAn FET has high input impedance; a bipolar transistor has low input impedanceџўThe input impedance of FETs and bipolar transistors is the sameХ„5цЄ!!  С @ џўE6A12ACџўWhat do the initials CMOS stand for?џўCommon mode oscillating systemџўComplementary mica-oxide siliconџўComplementary metal-oxide semiconductorџўComplementary metal-oxide substrateзВ‰gG!!  Р@ џўE6A11ADџўWhy do many MOSFET devices have built-in gate-protective Zener diodes?џўTo provide a voltage reference for the correct amount of reverse-bias gate voltageџўTo protect the substrate from excessive voltagesџўTo keep the gate voltage within specifications and prevent the device from overheatingџўTo prevent the gate insulation from being punctured by small static charges or excessive voltagesЊGяНi!!  П,@ џўE6A10AAџўIn Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for a P-channel junction FET?1236usqom!!  О.@ џўE6A09ABџўIn Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for an N-channel dual-gate MOSFET?2456zxvtr!!  Н*@џўE6A08AAџўWhat is a depletion-mode FET?џўAn FET that has a channel with no gate voltage applied; a current flows with zero gate voltageџўAn FET that has a channel that blocks current when the gate voltage is zeroџўAn FET without a channel; no current flows with zero gate voltageџўAn FET without a channel to hinder current through the gatem0э @!!  М&@џўE6A07ADџўWhat term indicates the frequency at which a transistor grounded base current gain has decreased to 0.7 of the gain obtainable at 1 kHz?џўCorner frequencyџўAlpha rejection frequencyџўBeta cutoff frequencyџўAlpha cutoff frequencyяиНЋ!! и{R q œ  \  %nЗКs†Л л*@џўE6B22BBџўWhat type of bias is required for an LED to produce luminescence?џўReverse biasџўForward biasџўZero biasџўInductive bias›‹€rd!!  к@џўE6B21BCџўWhat is one common use for PIN diodes?џўAs a constant current sourceџўAs a constant voltage sourceџўAs an RF switchџўAs a high voltage rectifierГ–…gI!!  й@џўE6B20BDџўHow are junction diodes rated?џўMaximum forward current and capacitanceџўMaximum reverse current and PIVџўMaximum reverse current and capacitanceџўMaximum forward current and PIVеД‹jA!!  и@џўE6B19BAџўWhat is the capture range of a phase-locked loop circuit?џўThe frequency range over which the circuit can lockџўThe voltage range over which the circuit can lockџўThe input impedance range over which the circuit can lockџўThe range of time it takes the circuit to lock/џФ‘\!!  з0@џўE6B18BBџўWhich of the following circuits is used to recover audio from an FM voice signal?џўA doubly balanced mixerџўA phase-locked loopџўA differential voltage amplifierџўA variable frequency oscillatorхФЂt!!  ж@џўE6B16BBџўWhat voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E6-4 when R1 is 3300 ohms and RF is 47 kilohms?28147џў0.07Ÿ™—“!!  е@џўE6B15BCџўWhat voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E6-4 when R1 is 1800 ohms and RF is 68 kilohms?1џў0.033876Ÿ›—‘!!  д$@џўE6B14BDџўWhat will be the voltage of the circuit shown in Figure E6-4 if R1 is 1000 ohms and RF is 10,000 ohms and 0.23 volts is applied to the input?џў0.23 voltsџў2.3 voltsџў-0.23 voltsџў-2.3 voltsрдЧМА!!  г.@ џўE6B13BAџўWhat essentially determines the output impedance of a FET common-source amplifier?џўThe drain resistorџўThe input impedance of the FETџўThe drain supply voltageџўThe gate supply voltageмУЉ‰u!!  в0@ џўE6B12BDџўHow does the gain of a theoretically ideal operational amplifier vary with frequency?џўIt increases linearly with increasing frequencyџўIt decreases linearly with increasing frequencyџўIt decreases logarithmically with increasing frequencyџўIt does not vary with frequency3кЉx!!  б@ џўE6B11BCџўWhat voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E6-4 when R1 is 10 ohms and RF is 470 ohms?џў0.21944724™•‘‹!!  а@ џўE6B10BBџўIn Figure E6-3, what is the schematic symbol for a light-emitting diode?1567sqomk!!  Я(@ џўE6B09BCџўWhat is a common use for point contact diodes?џўAs a constant current sourceџўAs a constant voltage sourceџўAs an RF detectorџўAs a high voltage rectifierН oQ!!  Ю@џўE6B08BAџўStructurally, what are the two main categories of semiconductor diodes?џўPN junction and metal-semiconductor junctionџўElectrolytic and PN junctionџўCMOS-field effect and metal-semiconductor junctionџўVacuum and point contactъƘj!!  Э@џўE6B07BBџўWhat limits the maximum forward current rating in a junction diode?џўPeak inverse voltageџўJunction temperatureџўForward voltageџўBack EMF­Ѓ’|f!!  Ь№?џўE6B06BDџўWhat is a common use of a hot-carrier diode?џўAs balanced mixers in FM generationџўAs a variable capacitance in an automatic frequency control circuitџўAs a constant voltage reference in a power supplyџўAs VHF and UHF mixers and detectorsьЙtO!!  Ы(@џўE6B05BDџўIn Figure E6-3, what is the schematic symbol for a varactor diode?8621mkige!! Nћ & … у  н(љ=‡љyљz ъ@ џўE6C09CBџўIn Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for an OR gate?2346geca_!!  щ@џўE6C08CBџўIn Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for a NAND gate?1234hfdb`!!  ш0@џўE6C07CAџўIn Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for an AND gate?1234hfdb`!!  ч@џўE6C06CCџўWhy do CMOS digital integrated circuits have high immunity to noise on the input signal or power supply?џўLarger bypass capacitors are used in CMOS circuit designџўThe input switching threshold is about two times the power supply voltageџўThe input switching threshold is about one-half the power supply voltageџўInput signals are strongervZХ‹!!  ц@џўE6C05CDџўWhat is NOT a major advantage of CMOS over other devices?џўSmall sizeџўLow power consumptionџўLow costџўDifferential outputž‰h\!!  х@џўE6C04CCџўWhat level of input voltage is low in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power-supply?џў-2.0 to -5.5 voltsџў2.0 to 5.5 voltsџў0.0 to 0.8 voltsџў-0.8 to 0.4 voltsЦГЁ{!!  ф@џўE6C03CAџўWhat level of input voltage is high in a TTL device operating with a 5-volt power supply?џў2.0 to 5.5 voltsџў1.5 to 3.0 voltsџў1.0 to 1.5 voltsџў-5.0 to -2.0 voltsЦВ Ž|!!  у@џўE6C02CAџўWhat logic state do the inputs of a TTL device assume if they are left open?џўA high-logic stateџўA low-logic stateџўThe device becomes randomized and will not provide consistent high or low-logic statesџўOpen inputs on a TTL device are ignoredю–ƒo!!  т&@џўE6C01CCџўWhat is the recommended power supply voltage for TTL series integrated circuits?џў12 voltsџў1.5 voltsџў5 voltsџў13.6 volts‘ˆ}s!!  с*@џўE6B28BDџўWhat functions are performed by a phase-locked loop?џўWide-band AF and RF power amplificationџўComparison of two digital input signals, digital pulse counterџўPhotovoltaic conversion, optical couplingџўFrequency synthesis, FM demodulationыР€W!!  р"@џўE6B27BCџўWhat is a phase-locked loop circuit?џўAn electronic servo loop consisting of a ratio detector, reactance modulator, and voltage-controlled oscillatorџўAn electronic circuit also known as a monostable multivibratorџўAn electronic servo loop consisting of a phase detector, a low-pass filter and voltage-controlled oscillatorџўAn electronic circuit consisting of a precision push-pull amplifier with a differential inputХfјИG!!  п@џўE6B26BAџўWhat is the output impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?џўVery lowџўVery highџў100 ohmsџў1000 ohmsŠuj`!!  о№?џўE6B25BDџўWhat is the input impedance of a theoretically ideal op-amp?џў100 ohmsџў1000 ohmsџўVery lowџўVery high‰~ti_!!  н@џўE6B24BCџўWhat is meant by the term op-amp input-offset voltage?џўThe output voltage of the op-amp minus its input voltageџўThe difference between the output voltage of the op-amp and the input voltage required in the following stageџўThe potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in a closed-loop conditionџўThe potential between the amplifier input terminals of the op-amp in an open-loop conditionН`“Y!!  м"@џўE6B23BAџўWhat is an operational amplifier?џўA high-gain, direct-coupled differential amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifierџўA high-gain, direct-coupled audio amplifier whose characteristics are determined by components external to the amplifierџўAn amplifier used to increase the average output of frequency modulated amateur signals to the legal limitџўA program subroutine that calculates the gain of an RF amplifierэЋ?ХD!! ђ №с A ž Е eЄ,у і@ џўE6D10DBџўWhat is one important reason for using powdered-iron toroids rather than ferrite toroids in an inductor?џўPowdered-iron toroids generally have greater initial permeabilitiesџўPowdered-iron toroids generally have better temperature stabilityџўPowdered-iron toroids generally require fewer turns to produce a given inductance valueџўPowdered-iron toroids are easier to use with surface-mount technologyГlа‹!!  ѕ(@ џўE6D09DBџўBy careful selection of core material, over what frequency range can toroidal cores produce useful inductors?џўFrom a few kHz to no more than several MHzџўFrom 100 Hz to at least 1000 MHzџўFrom 100 Hz to no more than 3000 kHzџўFrom a few hundred MHz to at least 1000 GHz1оМ!!  є.@џўE6D08DDџўWhat material property determines the inductance of a toroidal inductor with a 10-turn winding?џўCore load currentџўCore resistanceџўCore reactivityџўCore permeabilityЪЗІ•‚!!  ѓ*@џўE6D07DBџўWhat is a liquid-crystal display (LCD)?џўA modern replacement for a quartz crystal oscillator which displays its fundamental frequencyџўA display that uses a crystalline liquid to change the way light is refractedџўA frequency-determining unit for a transmitter or receiverџўA display that uses a glowing liquid to remain brightly lit in dim light~4јЉJ!!  ђ @џўE6D06DAџўWhat function does a charge-coupled device (CCD) serve in a modern video camera?џўIt stores photogenerated charges as signals corresponding to pixelsџўIt generates the horizontal pulses needed for electron beam scanningџўIt focuses the light used to produce a pattern of electrical charges corresponding to the imageџўIt combines audio and video information to produce a composite RF signalЉ_ўИs!!  ё,@џўE6D05DCџўWhich of the following is true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)?џўIts phase shift changes rapidly with frequencyџўIt is a CMOS analog-to-digital converterџўIt samples an analog signal and passes it in stages from the input to the outputџўIt is used in a battery charger circuit8Н“c!!  №$@џўE6D04DBџўExceeding what design rating can cause a cathode ray tube (CRT) to generate X-rays?џўThe heater voltageџўThe anode voltageџўThe operating temperatureџўThe operating frequencyбИŠv!!  я$@џўE6D03DAџўIf a cathode ray tube (CRT) is designed to operate with an anode voltage of 25,000 volts, what will happen if the anode voltage is increased to 35,000 volts?џўThe image size will decrease and the tube will produce X-raysџўThe image size will increase and the tube will produce X-raysџўThe image will become larger and brighterџўThere will be no apparent change‹i>џР!!  ю @џўE6D02DDџўWhat is cathode ray tube (CRT) persistence?џўThe time it takes for an image to appear after the electron beam is turned onџўThe relative brightness of the display under varying conditions of ambient lightџўThe ability of the display to remain in focus under varying conditionsџўThe length of time the image remains on the screen after the beam is turned offˆ7яN!!  э @џўE6D01DDџўHow is the electron beam deflected in a vidicon?џўBy varying the beam voltageџўBy varying the bias voltage on the beam forming grids inside the tubeџўBy varying the beam currentџўBy varying electromagnetic fieldsїдЗpS!!  ь,@ џўE6C11CCџўIn Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for the NOT operation (inverter)?2456ywusq!!  ы@ џўE6C10CDџўIn Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for a NOR gate?1234geca_!!  ю[ X H { R -|‘Ј'=  @џўE6E04EDџўWhat technique is used to construct low-cost, high-performance crystal ladder filters?џўObtain a small quantity of custom-made crystalsџўChoose a crystal with the desired bandwidth and operating frequency to match a desired center frequencyџўMeasure crystal bandwidth to ensure at least 20% couplingџўMeasure crystal frequencies and carefully select units with a frequency variation of less than 10% of the desired filter bandwidthвNЊy!!  @џўE6E03EDџўWhat is a crystal lattice filter?џўA power supply filter made with interlaced quartz crystalsџўAn audio filter made with four quartz crystals that resonate at 1-kHz intervalsџўA filter with wide bandwidth and shallow skirts made using quartz crystalsџўA filter with narrow bandwidth and steep skirts made using quartz crystalsiб€D!!  "@џўE6E02ECџўFor double-sideband phone emissions, what would be the bandwidth of a good crystal lattice band-pass filter?џў1 kHz at -6 dBџў500 Hz at -6 dBџў6 kHz at -6 dBџў15 kHz at -6 dBбРАŸ!!  џ.@џўE6E01EBџўFor single-sideband phone emissions, what would be the bandwidth of a good crystal lattice band-pass filter?џў6 kHz at -6 dBџў2.1 kHz at -6 dBџў500 Hz at -6 dBџў15 kHz at -6 dBгТБŸ!!  ў,@џўE6D18DCџўWhat is one important reason for using ferrite toroids rather than powdered-iron toroids in an inductor?џўFerrite toroids generally have lower initial permeabilitiesџўFerrite toroids generally have better temperature stabilityџўFerrite toroids generally require fewer turns to produce a given inductance valueџўFerrite toroids are easier to use with surface mount technology™XШ‹!!  §@џўE6D17DAџўWhat is the principle advantage of liquid-crystal display (LCD) devices?џўThey consume low powerџўThey can display changes instantlyџўThey are visible in all light conditionsџўThey can be easily interchanged with other display devices бЇƒk!!  ќ№?џўE6D16DCџўWhich is NOT true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)?џўIt uses a combination of analog and digital circuitryџўIt can be used to make an audio delay lineџўIt can be used as an analog-to-digital converterџўIt samples and stores analog signalsыЙV!!  ћ@џўE6D15DDџўWhat type of CRT deflection is better when high-frequency waves are to be displayed on the screen?џўElectromagneticџўTubularџўRadarџўElectrostaticЕІŸ–…!!  њ @џўE6D14DAџўHow many turns will be required to produce a 5-microhenry inductor using a powdered-iron toroidal core that has an inductance index (A L) value of 40 microhenrys/100 turns?џў35 turnsџў13 turnsџў79 turnsџў141 turnsјэуйЯ!!  љ@ џўE6D13DCџўHow many turns will be required to produce a 1-mH inductor using a ferrite toroidal core that has an inductance index (A L) value of 523 millihenrys/1000 turns?џў2 turnsџў4 turnsџў43 turnsџў229 turnsыржЭФ!!  ј(@ џўE6D12DAџўWhat is a primary advantage of using a toroidal core instead of a solenoidal core in an inductor?џўToroidal cores contain most of the magnetic field within the core materialџўToroidal cores make it easier to couple the magnetic energy into other componentsџўToroidal cores exhibit greater hysteresisџўToroidal cores have lower Q characteristics{N#а„!!  ї0@ џўE6D11DCџўWhat devices are commonly used as VHF and UHF parasitic suppressors at the input and output terminals of transistorized HF amplifiers?џўElectrolytic capacitorsџўButterworth filtersџўFerrite beadsџўSteel-core toroidsњцзТЉ!! 1r L \ ч ”ћ)6Ÿжс[ @џўE7A04ABџўHow many flip-flops are required to divide a signal frequency by 4?1248nljhf!!  @џўE7A03ABџўThe frequency of an AC signal can be divided electronically by what type of digital circuit?џўA free-running multivibratorџўA bistable multivibratorџўAn OR gateџўAn astable multivibratorнУЗ!!  $@џўE7A02ACџўHow many output level changes are obtained for every two trigger pulses applied to the input of a "T" flip-flop circuit?џўNoneџўOneџўTwoџўFourБЋІЁ›!!  @џўE7A01ACџўWhat is a bistable multivibrator circuit?џўAn "AND" gateџўAn "OR" gateџўA flip-flopџўA clockvi[L!!   @џўE6E14ECџўWhat is the most common package for inexpensive monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifiers?џўBeryllium oxide packagesџўGlass packagesџўPlastic packagesџўCeramic packagesлЩЗЇ!!  @ џўE6E13EBџўWhat supply voltage do monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) amplifiers typically require?џў1 volt DCџў12 volts DCџў20 volts DCџў120 volts DCКЌŸ’‡!!  $@ џўE6E12EDџўHow is the DC power from a voltage source fed to a monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC)?џўThrough a coupling capacitorџўThrough a PIN diodeџўThrough a silicon-controlled rectifierџўThrough a resistorѕсЙЄ†!!  &@ џўE6E11EAџўHow is the operating bias voltage supplied to a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) that uses four leads?џўThrough a resistor and RF choke connected to the amplifier output leadџўMMICs require no operating biasџўThrough a capacitor and RF choke connected to the amplifier input leadџўDirectly to the bias-voltage (VCC IN) leadtHп—!!  @ џўE6E10EBџўWhat typical construction technique do amateurs use when building an amplifier for the microwave bands containing a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC)?џўGround-plane "ugly" constructionџўMicrostrip constructionџўPoint-to-point constructionџўWave-soldering construction;шЦ!!  @ џўE6E09EDџўWhat type of amplifier device consists of a small pill sized package with an input lead, an output lead and 2 ground leads?џўA junction field-effect transistor (JFET)џўAn operational amplifier integrated circuit (OAIC)џўAn indium arsenide integrated circuit (IAIC)џўA monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC)]+§Щž!!  *@џўE6E08EBџўWhat is the typical noise figure of a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifier?џўLess than 1 dBџўApproximately 3.5 to 6 dBџўApproximately 8 to 10 dBџўMore than 20 dBиЧ­’‚!!  "@џўE6E07EAџўWhat is the characteristic impedance of circuits in which MMICs are designed to work?џў50 ohmsџў300 ohmsџў450 ohmsџў10 ohmsž•‹x!!   @џўE6E06EAџўWhat is the piezoelectric effect?џўPhysical deformation of a crystal by the application of a voltageџўMechanical deformation of a crystal by the application of a magnetic fieldџўThe generation of electrical energy by the application of lightџўReversed conduction states when a P-N junction is exposed to lightXг‡D!!  @џўE6E05EAџўWhich of the following factors has the greatest effect in helping determine the bandwidth and response shape of a crystal ladder filter?џўThe relative frequencies of the individual crystalsџўThe DC voltage applied to the quartz crystalџўThe gain of the RF stage preceding the filterџўThe amplitude of the signals passing through the filterv=рЋ!! d Зя i Щ <ќ%N_ЦŠ @џўE7B03BAџўWhere on the load line should a bipolar-transistor, common-emitter Class A power amplifier be operated for best efficiency and stability?џўBelow the saturation regionџўAbove the saturation regionџўAt the zero bias pointџўJust below the thermal runaway point$ўцЩЌ!!  @џўE7B02BCџўWhich class of amplifier provides the highest efficiency?џўClass AџўClass BџўClass CџўClass ABwne\!!  @џўE7B01BAџўFor what portion of a signal cycle does a Class AB amplifier operate?џўMore than 180 degrees but less than 360 degreesџўExactly 180 degreesџўThe entire cycleџўLess than 180 degreesзРЎ™h!!  @ џўE7A13AAџўIn a negative-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 1?џўA low levelџўA positive-transition levelџўA negative-transition levelџўA high levelПБ”wj!!  @ џўE7A12ADџўIn a positive-logic circuit, what level is used to represent a logic 1?џўA low levelџўA positive-transition levelџўA negative-transition levelџўA high levelПБ”wj!!  "@ џўE7A11ACџўWhat is a truth table?џўA table of logic symbols that indicate the high logic states of an op-ampџўA diagram showing logic states when the digital device's output is trueџўA list of input combinations and their corresponding outputs that characterize the function of a digital deviceџўA table of logic symbols that indicates the low logic states of an op-amp‰>Э„9!!  @ џўE7A10ACџўWhat logical operation does a NOR gate perform?џўIt produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "0"џўIt produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"џўIt produces a logic "0" at its output if any input is or all inputs are logic "1"џўIt produces a logic "1" at its output only when none of its inputs are logic "0"‡5тšR!!  "@ џўE7A09AAџўWhat logical operation does an OR gate perform?џўIt produces a logic "1" at its output if any input is or all inputs are logic "1"џўIt produces a logic "0" at its output if all inputs are logic "1"џўIt only produces a logic "0" at its output when all inputs are logic "1"џўIt produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0"u2шЅR!!  @џўE7A08ADџўWhat logical operation does a NAND gate perform?џўIt produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic "0"џўIt produces a logic "1" at its output only when all inputs are logic "1"џўIt produces a logic "0" at its output if some but not all of its inputs are logic "1"џўIt produces a logic "0" at its output only when all inputs are logic "1"ˆ>чS!!  &@џўE7A07ABџўWhat logical operation does an AND gate perform?џўIt produces a logic "0" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"џўIt produces a logic "1" at its output only if all inputs are logic "1"џўIt produces a logic "1" at its output if only one input is a logic "1"џўIt produces a logic "1" at its output if all inputs are logic "0"n+у›S!!  (@џўE7A06AAџўWhat is the characteristic function of a monostable multivibrator?џўIt switches momentarily to the opposite binary state and then returns after a set time to its original stateџўIt is a clock that produces a continuous square wave oscillating between 1 and 0џўIt stores one bit of data in either a 0 or 1 stateџўIt maintains a constant output voltage, regardless of variations in the input voltageАY%гe!!  @џўE7A05ADџўWhat is the characteristic function of an astable multivibrator?џўIt alternates between two stable statesџўIt alternates between a stable state and an unstable stateџўIt blocks either a 0 pulse or a 1 pulse and passes the otherџўIt alternates between two unstable states1ШŒc!! є"3 з w к/Иyдія" ,(@џўE7B19BCџўWhat type of circuit is shown in Figure E7-3?џўSwitching voltage regulatorџўGrounded emitter amplifierџўLinear voltage regulatorџўEmitter followerЕЃ‰mP!!  +@џўE7B18BAџўWhat is the purpose of C2 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?џўIt bypasses hum around D1џўIt is a brute force filter for the outputџўTo self resonate at the hum frequencyџўTo provide fixed DC bias for Q1яЮЇ|a!!  *,@џўE7B17BCџўWhat is the purpose of Q1 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?џўIt increases the output rippleџўIt provides a constant load for the voltage sourceџўIt increases the current-handling capabilityџўIt provides D1 with currentуЕa!!  )@џўE7B16BBџўWhat is the purpose of D1 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?џўLine voltage stabilizationџўVoltage referenceџўPeak clippingџўHum filteringЎŸ}a!!  (.@џўE7B15BAџўIn Figure E7-2, what is the purpose of C2?џўOutput couplingџўEmitter bypassџўInput couplingџўHum filtering~n^M!!  '@џўE7B14BAџўIn Figure E7-2, what is the purpose of R?џўEmitter loadџўFixed biasџўCollector loadџўVoltage regulationŠvfZL!!  &&@ џўE7B13BDџўIn Figure E7-1, what is the purpose of C1?џўDecouplingџўOutput couplingџўSelf biasџўInput coupling…ujYM!!  %$@ џўE7B12BCџўWhat type of circuit is shown in Figure E7-1?џўSwitching voltage regulatorџўLinear voltage regulatorџўCommon emitter amplifierџўEmitter follower amplifierНЁ‡mP!!  $.@ џўE7B11BDџўIn Figure E7-1, what is the purpose of R3?џўFixed biasџўEmitter bypassџўOutput load resistorџўSelf biasŠiYM!!  #,@ џўE7B10BDџўIn Figure E7-1, what is the purpose of C3?џўAC feedbackџўInput couplingџўPower supply decouplingџўEmitter bypass“ƒjZM!!  "@ џўE7B09BBџўIn Figure E7-1, what is the purpose of R1 and R2?џўLoad resistorsџўFixed biasџўSelf biasџўFeedback…{pdT!!  !@џўE7B08BDџўWhat is the procedure for tuning a vacuum-tube power amplifier having an output pi-network?џўAdjust the loading capacitor to maximum capacitance and then dip the plate current with the tuning capacitorџўAlternately increase the plate current with the tuning capacitor and dip the plate current with the loading capacitorџўAdjust the tuning capacitor to maximum capacitance and then dip the plate current with the loading capacitorџўAlternately increase the plate current with the loading capacitor and dip the plate current with the tuning capacitorHбcь~!!  "@џўE7B07BCџўHow can a vacuum-tube power amplifier be neutralized?џўBy increasing the grid driveџўBy feeding back an in-phase component of the output to the inputџўBy feeding back an out-of-phase component of the output to the inputџўBy feeding back an out-of-phase component of the input to the outputDўИvX!!  "@џўE7B06BDџўWhat can occur when a nonlinear amplifier is used with a single-sideband phone transmitter?џўReduced amplifier efficiencyџўIncreased intelligibilityџўSideband inversionџўDistortionзЫЗœ~!!  @џўE7B05BBџўHow can even-order harmonics be reduced or prevented in transmitter amplifiers?џўBy using a push-push amplifierџўBy using a push-pull amplifierџўBy operating Class CџўBy operating Class ABпШВ’r!!  "@џўE7B04BCџўHow can parasitic oscillations be eliminated from a power amplifier?џўBy tuning for maximum SWRџўBy tuning for maximum power outputџўBy neutralizationџўBy tuning the outputЯЙІ‚g!! K  M 3Дuцpq 8 @џўE7C08CBџўWhat kind of audio filter would you use to attenuate an interfering carrier signal while receiving an SSB transmission?џўA band-pass filterџўA notch filterџўA pi-network filterџўAn all-pass filterчгОЎš!!  7№?џўE7C07CCџўWhat are the distinguishing features of an elliptical filter?џўGradual passband rolloff with minimal stop-band rippleџўExtremely flat response over its passband, with gradually rounded stop-band cornersџўExtremely sharp cutoff, with one or more infinitely deep notches in the stop bandџўGradual passband rolloff with extreme stop-band ripplex@э˜`!!  6(@џўE7C06CDџўWhich filter type is described as having ripple in the passband and a sharp cutoff?џўA Butterworth filterџўAn active LC filterџўA passive op-amp filterџўA Chebyshev filterЮКЁŒv!!  5@џўE7C05CCџўHow does a network transform one impedance to another?џўIt introduces negative resistance to cancel the resistive part of an impedanceџўIt introduces transconductance to cancel the reactive part of an impedanceџўIt cancels the reactive part of an impedance and changes the resistive partџўNetwork resistances substitute for load resistanceswBѕЉY!!  4@џўE7C04CAџўWhat advantage does a pi-L-network have over a pi-network for impedance matching between the final amplifier of a vacuum-tube type transmitter and a multiband antenna?џўGreater harmonic suppressionџўHigher efficiencyџўLower lossesџўGreater transformation range' ћшЪ!!  3,@џўE7C03CCџўA T-network with series capacitors and a parallel (shunt) inductor has which of the following properties?џўIt transforms impedances and is a low-pass filterџўIt transforms reactances and is a low-pass filterџўIt transforms impedances and is a high-pass filterџўIt transforms reactances and is a narrow bandwidth notch filterg&ђПŒ!!  2@џўE7C02CBџўWhat is an L-network?џўA network consisting entirely of four inductorsџўA network consisting of an inductor and a capacitorџўA network used to generate a leading phase angleџўA network used to generate a lagging phase angleаži8!!  1@џўE7C01CDџўHow are the capacitors and inductors of a low-pass filter pi-network arranged between the network's input and output?џўTwo inductors are in series between the input and output and a capacitor is connected between the two inductors and groundџўTwo capacitors are in series between the input and output and an inductor is connected between the two capacitors and groundџўAn inductor is in parallel with the input, another inductor is in parallel with the output, and a capacitor is in series between the twoџўA capacitor is in parallel with the input, another capacitor is in parallel with the output, and an inductor is in series between the twoЇ’˜!!  0@џўE7B23BDџўWhat is the purpose of R2 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?џўIt provides fixed bias for Q1џўIt provides fixed bias for D1џўIt decouples hum from D1џўIt provides a constant minimum load for Q1хЙŸ€a!!  /&@џўE7B22BCџўWhat is the purpose of R1 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?џўIt provides a constant load to the voltage sourceџўIt couples hum to D1џўIt supplies current to D1џўIt bypasses hum around D1рХЊ”a!!  .@џўE7B21BAџўWhat is the purpose of C3 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?џўIt prevents self-oscillationџўIt provides brute force filtering of the outputџўIt provides fixed bias for Q1џўIt clips the peaks of the rippleёЯАa!!  - @џўE7B20BDџўWhat is the purpose of C1 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?џўIt resonates at the ripple frequencyџўIt provides fixed bias for Q1џўIt decouples the outputџўIt filters the supply voltageоПІ‡a!! ­ўщ 8 ѓ й $ "љ$Cз F@џўE7D07DBџўWhy is very stable reference oscillator normally used as part of a phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer?џўAny amplitude variations in the reference oscillator signal will prevent the loop from locking to the desired signalџўAny phase variations in the reference oscillator signal will produce phase noise in the synthesizer outputџўAny phase variations in the reference oscillator signal will produce harmonic distortion in the modulating signalџўAny amplitude variations in the reference oscillator signal will prevent the loop from changing frequencyTщv ”!!  E&@џўE7D06DBџўWhich type of oscillator circuits are commonly used in a VFO?џўPierce and ZenerџўColpitts and HartleyџўArmstrong and deForestџўNegative feedback and Balanced feedbackЩ ˆr`!!  D@џўE7D05DDџўHow is the positive feedback coupled to the input in a Pierce oscillator?џўThrough a tapped coilџўThrough link couplingџўThrough a neutralizing capacitorџўThrough a quartz crystalжМšƒl!!  C@џўE7D04DCџўHow is the positive feedback coupled to the input in a Colpitts oscillator?џўThrough a tapped coilџўThrough link couplingџўThrough a capacitive dividerџўThrough a neutralizing capacitorмКœ…n!!  B @џўE7D03DAџўHow is the positive feedback coupled to the input in a Hartley oscillator?џўThrough a tapped coilџўThrough a capacitive dividerџўThrough link couplingџўThrough a neutralizing capacitorлЙЂ„m!!  A.@џўE7D02DCџўWhat condition must exist for a circuit to oscillate?џўIt must have a gain of less than 1џўIt must be neutralizedџўIt must have positive feedback sufficient to overcome lossesџўIt must have negative feedback sufficient to cancel the inputв”|X!!  @@џўE7D01DDџўWhat are three major oscillator circuits often used in Amateur Radio equipment?џўTaft, Pierce and negative feedbackџўColpitts, Hartley and TaftџўTaft, Hartley and PierceџўColpitts, Hartley and PierceъЬВ–r!!  ?.@џўE7C15CCџўWhich type of network provides the greatest harmonic suppression?џўL-networkџўPi-networkџўPi-L-networkџўInverse Pi network‰{od!!  >@џўE7C14CBџўWhat is a pi-L-network?џўA Phase Inverter Load networkџўA network consisting of two inductors and two capacitorsџўA network with only three discrete partsџўA matching network in which all components are isolated from groundН“Y:!!  =,@ џўE7C13CDџўWhat is a pi-network?џўA network consisting entirely of four inductors or four capacitorsџўA Power Incidence networkџўAn antenna matching network that is isolated from groundџўA network consisting of one inductor and two capacitors or two inductors and one capacitor-б—|8!!  <@ џўE7C12CBџўWhich type of filter would be the best to use in a 2-meter repeater duplexer?џўA crystal filterџўA cavity filterџўA DSP filterџўAn L-C filterАЁ“‚p!!  ;@ џўE7C11CCџўWhat kind of digital signal processing filter might be used in generating an SSB signal?џўAn adaptive filterџўA notch filterџўA Hilbert-transform filterџўAn elliptical filterбЛŸ{!!  :@ џўE7C10CAџўWhat kind of digital signal processing audio filter might be used to remove unwanted noise from a received SSB signal?џўAn adaptive filterџўA crystal-lattice filterџўA Hilbert-transform filterџўA phase-inverting filter§уЧ­™!!  90@ џўE7C09CDџўWhat characteristic do typical SSB receiver IF filters lack that is important to digital communications?џўSteep amplitude-response skirtsџўPassband rippleџўHigh input impedanceџўLinear phase responseъгНЌ‹!! - .o Ё Ђ “ ИйЈ„ ŠS R.@џўE7E04EAџўHow can a single-sideband phone signal be generated?џўBy using a balanced modulator followed by a filterџўBy using a reactance modulator followed by a mixerџўBy using a loop modulator followed by a mixerџўBy driving a product detector with a DSB signalюП‹W!!  Q(@џўE7E03ECџўHow does a phase modulator work?џўIt varies the tuning of a microphone preamplifier to produce PM signalsџўIt varies the tuning of an amplifier tank circuit to produce AM signalsџўIt varies the tuning of an amplifier tank circuit to produce PM signalsџўIt varies the tuning of a microphone preamplifier to produce AM signalsgеŒC!!  P@џўE7E02ECџўHow does a reactance modulator work?џўIt acts as a variable resistance or capacitance to produce FM signalsџўIt acts as a variable resistance or capacitance to produce AM signalsџўIt acts as a variable inductance or capacitance to produce FM signalsџўIt acts as a variable inductance or capacitance to produce AM signalscеŽG!!  O(@џўE7E01EBџўHow is an F3E FM-phone emission produced?џўWith a balanced modulator on the audio amplifierџўWith a reactance modulator on the oscillatorџўWith a reactance modulator on the final amplifierџўWith a balanced modulator on the oscillator пЌ~L!!  N.@џўE7D15DAџўWhat type of voltage regulator limits the voltage drop across its junction when a specified current passes through it in the reverse-breakdown direction?џўA Zener diodeџўA three-terminal regulatorџўA bipolar regulatorџўA pass-transistor regulatorќчЫМ!!  M,@џўE7D14DBџўWhat are the important characteristics of a three-terminal regulator?џўMaximum and minimum input voltage, minimum output current and voltageџўMaximum and minimum input voltage, maximum and minimum output current and maximum output voltageџўMaximum and minimum input voltage, minimum output current and maximum output voltageџўMaximum and minimum input voltage, minimum output voltage and Maximum input and output currentЧgЏh!!  L@ џўE7D13DCџўWhich of the following Zener diodes voltages will result in the best temperature stability for a voltage reference?џў2.4 voltsџў3.0 voltsџў5.6 voltsџў12.0 voltsУЗЌЁ–!!  K"@ џўE7D12DDџўWhat type of linear voltage regulator is used in applications requiring a constant load on the unregulated voltage source?џўA constant current sourceџўA series regulatorџўA shunt current sourceџўA shunt regulatorїфЬИ!!  J(@ џўE7D11DBџўWhat type of linear regulator is used in applications requiring efficient use of the primary power source?џўA constant current sourceџўA series regulatorџўA shunt regulatorџўA shunt current sourceчЯМЈ!!  I@ џўE7D10DAџўWhat device is typically used as a stable reference voltage in a linear voltage regulator?џўA Zener diodeџўA tunnel diodeџўAn SCRџўA varactor diodeЖЄœŒ}!!  H&@ џўE7D09DCџўWhat is one characteristic of a switching electronic voltage regulator?џўThe conduction of a control element is varied in direct proportion to the line voltage or load currentџўIt provides more than one output voltageџўThe control device is switched on or off, with the duty cycle automatically adjusted to maintain a constant average output voltageџўIt gives a ramp voltage at its outputЇ€ќвj!!  G№?џўE7D08DDџўWhat is one characteristic of a linear electronic voltage regulator?џўIt has a ramp voltage as its outputџўThe pass transistor switches from the "off" state to the "on" stateџўThe control device is switched on or off, with the duty cycle proportional to the line or load conditionsџўThe conduction of a control element is varied in direct proportion to the load current to maintain a constant output voltageК<бŒg!! 1 ХП S ѓ т <E\pW ^@џўE7E16EBџўWhat is the process of detection?џўThe masking of the intelligence on a received carrierџўThe recovery of the intelligence from a modulated RF signalџўThe modulation of a carrierџўThe mixing of noise with a received signalеИ{D!!  ]&@џўE7E15EAџўWhat are the major spectral impurity components of phase-locked loop synthesizers?џўBroadband noiseџўDigital conversion noiseџўSpurs at discrete frequenciesџўNyquist limit noiseдП †u!!  \ @џўE7E14ECџўWhat are the major spectral impurity components of direct digital synthesizers?џўBroadband noiseџўDigital conversion noiseџўSpurs at discrete frequenciesџўNyquist limit noiseбМƒr!!  [@ џўE7E13EBџўWhat information is contained in the lookup table of a direct digital frequency synthesizer?џўThe phase relationship between a reference oscillator and the output waveformџўThe amplitude values that represent a sine-wave outputџўThe phase relationship between a voltage-controlled oscillator and the output waveformџўThe synthesizer frequency limits and frequency values stored in the radio memoriesВ^Ю!!  Z@ џўE7E12EDџўWhat are the main blocks of a direct digital frequency synthesizer?џўA variable-frequency crystal oscillator, phase accumulator, digital to analog converter and a loop filterџўA stable voltage-controlled oscillator, programmable divider, phase detector, loop filter and a digital to analog converterџўA variable-frequency oscillator, programmable divider, phase detector and a low-pass antialias filterџўA phase accumulator, lookup table, digital to analog converter and a low-pass antialias filterЕNбf!!  Y,@ џўE7E11EAџўWhat type of frequency synthesizer circuit uses a phase accumulator, lookup table, digital to analog converter and a low-pass antialias filter?џўA direct digital synthesizerџўA hybrid synthesizerџўA phase-locked loop synthesizerџўA diode-switching matrix synthesizer-цаВ!!  X @ џўE7E10ECџўWhat type of frequency synthesizer circuit uses a stable voltage-controlled oscillator, programmable divider, phase detector, loop filter and a reference frequency source?џўA direct digital synthesizerџўA hybrid synthesizerџўA phase-locked loop synthesizerџўA diode-switching matrix synthesizerI#ьЮ!!  W№? џўE7E09EAџўWhat occurs in a receiver when an excessive amount of signal energy reaches the mixer circuit?џўSpurious mixer products are generatedџўMixer blanking occursџўAutomatic limiting occursџўA beat frequency is generatedљкПЈ!!  V,@џўE7E08ECџўWhat are the principal frequencies that appear at the output of a mixer circuit?џўTwo and four times the original frequencyџўThe sum, difference and square root of the input frequenciesџўThe original frequencies and the sum and difference frequenciesџў1.414 and 0.707 times the input frequencyHмžs!!  U@џўE7E07EDџўWhat is the mixing process?џўThe elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase comparisonџўThe elimination of noise in a wideband receiver by phase differentiationџўThe recovery of the intelligence from a modulated RF signalџўThe combination of two signals to produce sum and difference frequenciesT Эƒ>!!  T$@џўE7E06EAџўWhat audio shaping network is added at a receiver to restore proportionally attenuated lower audio frequencies?џўA de-emphasis networkџўA heterodyne suppressorџўAn audio prescalerџўA pre-emphasis networkюжТЉ’!!  S0@џўE7E05EDџўWhat audio shaping network is added at a transmitter to proportionally attenuate the lower audio frequencies, giving an even spread to the energy in the audio band?џўA de-emphasis networkџўA heterodyne suppressorџўAn audio prescalerџўA pre-emphasis network# їоЧ!! u вЏ ч њ Х + Ћi`№ќе k&@џўE7F08FCџўWhat is the purpose of a marker generator?џўTo add audio markers to an oscilloscopeџўTo provide a frequency reference for a phase locked loopџўTo provide a means of calibrating a receiver's frequency settingsџўTo add time signals to a transmitted signal ѓАvM!!  j @џўE7F07FAџўWhat type of circuit does NOT make a good marker generator?џўA sinusoidal crystal oscillatorџўA crystal oscillator followed by a class C amplifierџўA TTL device wired as a crystal oscillatorџўA crystal oscillator and a frequency dividerсЕ^!!  i"@џўE7F06FDџўWhat is a crystal-controlled marker generator?џўA low-stability oscillator that sweeps through a band of frequenciesџўAn oscillator often used in aircraft to determine the craft's location relative to the inner and outer markers at airportsџўA high-stability oscillator whose output frequency and amplitude can be varied over a wide rangeџўA high-stability oscillator that generates a series of reference signals at known frequency intervalsмu—Q!!  h@џўE7F05FBџўIf a 1-MHz oscillator is used with a divide-by-ten circuit to make a marker generator, what will the output be?џўA 1-MHz sinusoidal signal with harmonics every 100 kHzџўA 100-kHz signal with harmonics every 100 kHzџўA 1-MHz square wave with harmonics every 1 MHzџўA 100-kHz signal modulated by a 10-kHz signalX)љЪ’!!  g(@џўE7F04FCџўWhat additional circuitry is required in a 100-kHz crystal-controlled marker generator to provide markers at 50 and 25 kHz?џўAn emitter-followerџўTwo frequency multipliersџўTwo flip-flopsџўA voltage dividerёоЮГž!!  f"@џўE7F03FAџўWhat is the function of a decade counter digital IC?џўIt produces one output pulse for every ten input pulsesџўIt decodes a decimal number for display on a seven-segment LED displayџўIt produces ten output pulses for every input pulseџўIt adds two decimal numbers* иW!!  e(@џўE7F02FBџўHow many states does a decade counter digital IC have?21020џў100hc_[Y!!  d@џўE7F01FDџўWhat is the purpose of a prescaler circuit?џўIt converts the output of a JK flip-flop to that of an RS flip-flopџўIt multiplies an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequencyџўIt prevents oscillation in a low-frequency counter circuitџўIt divides an HF signal so a low-frequency counter can display the operating frequency‚*ю“N!!  c.@џўE7E21ECџўHow can an FM-phone signal be produced?џўBy modulating the supply voltage to a Class-B amplifierџўBy modulating the supply voltage to a Class-C amplifierџўBy using a reactance modulator on an oscillatorџўBy using a balanced modulator on an oscillatorэМƒJ!!  b0@џўE7E20EDџўWhat is a frequency discriminator?џўAn FM generatorџўA circuit for filtering two closely adjacent signalsџўAn automatic band-switching circuitџўA circuit for detecting FM signalsеБŒVE!!  a@џўE7E19EBџўHow are FM-phone signals detected?џўWith a balanced modulatorџўWith a frequency discriminatorџўWith a product detectorџўWith a phase splitterА™€`E!!  `$@џўE7E18ECџўWhat does a product detector do?џўIt provides local oscillations for input to a mixerџўIt amplifies and narrows bandpass frequenciesџўIt mixes an incoming signal with a locally generated carrierџўIt detects cross-modulation products хЇxC!!  _@џўE7E17EAџўWhat is the principle of detection in a diode detector?џўRectification and filtering of RFџўBreakdown of the Zener voltageџўMixing with noise in the transition region of the diodeџўThe change of reactance in the diode with respect to frequencyж}Z!! ‹ Э- m д №‚Б—‰’Џ v@џўE7G08GAџўWhen designing an op-amp RC active filter for a given frequency range and Q, what steps are typically followed when selecting the external components?џўStandard capacitor values are chosen first, the resistances are calculated, then resistors of the nearest standard value are usedџўStandard resistor values are chosen first, the capacitances are calculated, then capacitors of the nearest standard value are usedџўStandard resistor and capacitor values are used, the circuit is tested, then additional resistors are added to make any adjustmentsџўStandard resistor and capacitor values are used, the circuit is tested, then additional capacitors are added to make any adjustmentsЫEР<Й!!  u@џўE7G07GBџўThe design of a preselector involves a trade-off between bandwidth and what other factor?џўThe amount of ringingџўInsertion lossџўThe number of partsџўThe choice of capacitors or inductorsпИЃ“|!!  t@џўE7G06GAџўWhat parameter must be selected when selecting the resistor and capacitor values for an RC active filter using an op-amp?џўFilter bandwidthџўDesired current gainџўTemperature coefficientџўOutput-offset overshootінФЎœ!!  s"@џўE7G05GAџўHow can unwanted ringing and audio instability be prevented in a multisection op-amp RC audio filter circuit?џўRestrict both gain and QџўRestrict gain, but increase QџўRestrict Q, but increase gainџўIncrease both gain and QшЩЊ!!  r&@џўE7G04GCџўWhat type of capacitors should be used in a high-stability op-amp RC active filter circuit?џўElectrolyticџўDisc ceramicџўPolystyreneџўPaper dielectricЙЇšŒ~!!  q$@џўE7G03GDџўWhat are the advantages of using an op-amp instead of LC elements in an audio filter?џўOp-amps are more rugged and can withstand more abuse than can LC elementsџўOp-amps are fixed at one frequencyџўOp-amps are available in more varieties than are LC elementsџўOp-amps exhibit gain rather than insertion lossV%чУx!!  p$@џўE7G02GCџўWhat causes ringing in a filter?џўThe slew rate of the filterџўThe bandwidth of the filterџўThe filter shape, as measured in the frequency domainџўThe gain of the filterЬД}`C!!  o.@џўE7G01GBџўWhat determines the gain and frequency characteristics of an op-amp RC active filter?џўThe values of capacitances and resistances built into the op-ampџўThe values of capacitances and resistances external to the op-ampџўThe input voltage and frequency of the op-amp's DC power supplyџўThe output voltage and smoothness of the op-amp's DC power supply>§Кx!!  n$@ џўE7F11FAџўWhat is the purpose of a frequency counter?џўTo indicate the frequency of the strongest input signal which is within the counter's frequency rangeџўTo generate a series of reference signals at known frequency intervalsџўTo display all frequency components of a transmitted signalџўTo compare the difference between the input and a voltage-controlled oscillator and produce an error voltageЈ:§ЕN!!  m0@ џўE7F10FCџўHow does a frequency counter determine the frequency of a signal?џўIt counts the total number of pulses in a circuitџўIt monitors a WWV reference signal for comparison with the measured signalџўIt counts the number of input pulses in a specific period of timeџўIt converts the phase of the measured signal to a voltage which is proportional to the frequencyˆ&у—d!!  l*@ џўE7F09FAџўWhat does the accuracy of a frequency counter depend on?џўThe internal crystal referenceџўA voltage-regulated power supply with an unvarying outputџўAccuracy of the AC input frequency to the power supplyџўProper balancing of the power-supply diodesюЖ{[!! t  Н ѓ ў/ˆЗш@шE „.@ џўE8A11AAџўWhat is the RMS value of a 340-volt peak-to-peak pure sine wave?џў120-V ACџў170-V ACџў240-V ACџў300-V AC‹wmc!!  ƒ"@ џўE8A10AAџўWhat is the RMS voltage at a common household electrical power outlet?џў120-V ACџў340-V ACџў85-V ACџў170-V AC†}si!!  ‚*@ џўE8A09ACџўWhat is the peak-to-peak voltage at a common household electrical outlet?џў240 voltsџў120 voltsџў340 voltsџў170 volts˜‚wl!!  (@џўE8A08ABџўWhat is the peak voltage at a common household electrical outlet?џў240 voltsџў170 voltsџў120 voltsџў340 volts…zod!!  €,@џўE8A07AAџўWhat type of wave is made up of sine waves of a fundamental frequency and all harmonics?џўA sawtooth waveџўA square waveџўA sine waveџўA cosine waveЗЈ›Œ{!!  @џўE8A06ACџўWhat type of wave has a rise time significantly faster than the fall time (or vice versa)?џўA cosine waveџўA square waveџўA sawtooth waveџўA sine waveЙЌ›Œ}!!  ~@џўE8A05ABџўWhat is a sawtooth wave?џўA wave that alternates between two values and spends an equal time at each levelџўA wave with a straight line rise time faster than the fall time (or vice versa)џўA wave that produces a phase angle tangent to the unit circleџўA wave whose amplitude at any given instant can be represented by a point on a wheel rotating at a uniform speedо;!!  }@џўE8A04AAџўWhat type of wave is made up of a sine wave of a fundamental frequency and all its odd harmonics?џўA square waveџўA sine waveџўA cosine waveџўA tangent waveПЏ “„!!  |@џўE8A03ADџўWhat sine waves added to a fundamental frequency make up a square wave?џўA sine wave 0.707 times the fundamental frequencyџўAll odd and even harmonicsџўAll even harmonicsџўAll odd harmonicsрЭЙj!!  {0@џўE8A02ACџўWhat is a wave called that abruptly changes back and forth between two voltage levels and remains an equal time at each level?џўA sine waveџўA cosine waveџўA square waveџўA sawtooth waveнЬНЎЁ!!  z @џўE8A01ACџўStarting at a positive peak, how many times does a sine wave cross the zero axis in one complete cycle?џў180 timesџў4 timesџў2 timesџў360 timesВЇž•Š!!  y@ џўE7G11GDџўWhere should an op-amp RC active audio filter be placed in an amateur receiver?џўIn the IF strip, immediately before the detectorџўIn the audio circuitry immediately before the speaker or phone jackџўBetween the balanced modulator and frequency multiplierџўIn the low-level audio stagesA"щЄr!!  x@ џўE7G10GDџўWhat are the principal uses of an op-amp RC active filter in amateur circuitry?џўHigh-pass filters used to block RFI at the input to receiversџўLow-pass filters used between transmitters and transmission linesџўFilters used for smoothing power-supply outputџўAudio filters used for receiversF$єБr!!  w@ џўE7G09GCџўWhen designing an op-amp RC active filter for a given frequency range and Q, why are the external capacitance values usually chosen first, then the external resistance values calculated?џўAn op-amp will perform as an active filter using only standard external capacitance valuesџўThe calculations are easier to make with known capacitance values rather than with known resistance valuesџўCapacitors with unusual capacitance values are not widely available, so standard values are used to begin the calculationsџўThe equations for the calculations can only be used with known capacitance valuest!Ѕ9н!! z'ё  §  џ ѕэrЛ?Є ’ @џўE8B07BCџўIf the second symbol of an ITU emission designator is 1, representing a single channel containing quantized, or digital information, what information about the emission is described?џўThe maximum transmission rate, in baudsџўThe maximum permissible deviationџўThe nature of signals modulating the main carrierџўThe type of information to be transmittedƒX%й!!  ‘*@џўE8B06BBџўIf the first symbol of an ITU emission designator is J, representing a single-sideband, suppressed-carrier signal, what information about the emission is described?џўThe nature of any signal multiplexingџўThe type of modulation of the main carrierџўThe maximum permissible bandwidthџўThe maximum signal level, in decibelsd=юЧ!!  .@џўE8B05BDџўWhat type of emission is produced when an SSB transmitter is modulated by a slow-scan television signal?џўJ3AџўF3FџўA3FџўJ3FŸš•‹!!  @џўE8B04BDџўWhat is emission F3F?џўModulated CWџўFacsimileџўRTTYџўTelevisioncWQF8!!  Ž@џўE8B03BCџўWhat does a facsimile transmission produce?џўTone-modulated telegraphyџўA pattern of printed characters designed to form a pictureџўPrinted pictures by electrical meansџўMoving pictures by electrical means№ЫЅiN!!  @џўE8B02BBџўWhat type of emission is produced when an AM transmitter is modulated by a facsimile signal?џўA3FџўA3CџўF3FџўF3C“Ž‰„!!  Œ&@џўE8B01BAџўWhat is emission A3C?џўFacsimileџўRTTYџўATVџўSlow Scan TV\NIC8!!  ‹ @џўE8A18AAџўWhat is the period of a wave?џўThe time required to complete one cycleџўThe number of degrees in one cycleџўThe number of zero crossings in one cycleџўThe amplitude of the waveгИi@!!  Š№?џўE8A17ACџўWhat is the approximate DC input power to a Class AB RF power amplifier stage in an unmodulated carrier transmitter when the PEP output power is 500 watts?џў250 wattsџў600 wattsџў1000 wattsџў1500 wattsьрдЩО!!  ‰@џўE8A16ACџўWhat is the approximate DC input power to a Class B RF power amplifier stage in an FM-phone transmitter when the PEP output power is 1500 watts?џў900 wattsџў1765 wattsџў2500 wattsџў4500 wattsтжЪОГ!!  ˆ*@џўE8A15ABџўIn a single-sideband phone signal, what determines the PEP-to-average power ratio?џўThe frequency of the modulating signalџўThe speech characteristicsџўThe degree of carrier suppressionџўThe amplifier powerёмЙu!!  ‡@џўE8A14AAџўFor many types of voices, what is the approximate ratio of PEP to average power during a modulation peak in a single-sideband phone signal?џў2.5 to 1џў25 to 1џў1 to 1џў100 to 1гЩСИЎ!!  † @ џўE8A13ADџўWhat would be the most accurate way of measuring the RMS voltage of a complex waveform?џўBy using a grid dip meterџўBy measuring the voltage with a D'Arsonval meterџўBy using an absorption wavemeterџўBy measuring the heating effect in a known resistorщЧ•z!!  …@ џўE8A12ACџўWhat is the equivalent to the root-mean-square value of an AC voltage?џўThe AC voltage found by taking the square of the average value of the peak AC voltageџўThe DC voltage causing the same heating in a given resistor as the peak AC voltageџўThe DC voltage causing the same heating in a given resistor as the RMS AC voltage of the same valueџўThe AC voltage found by taking the square root of the average AC valueСyРi!! Р xє є _BLиЕф @џўE8B20BBџўIn a pulse-width modulation system, what parameter does the modulating signal vary?џўPulse frequencyџўPulse durationџўPulse amplitudeџўPulse intensityЙЈ—‡v!!  œ0@џўE8B19BDџўIn a pulse-position modulation system, what parameter does the modulating signal vary?џўThe number of pulses per secondџўBoth the frequency and amplitude of the pulsesџўThe duration of the pulsesџўThe time at which each pulse occurs цЪšy!!  ›@џўE8B18BDџўIf the first symbol of an ITU emission designator is G, representing a phase-modulated signal, what information about the emission is described?џўThe nature of any signal multiplexingџўThe maximum permissible deviationџўThe nature of signals modulating the main carrierџўThe type of modulation of the main carrier\0§кГ!!  š№?џўE8B17BCџўWhich of the following describe the three most-used symbols of an ITU emission designator?џўType of modulation, transmitted bandwidth and modulation code designatorџўBandwidth of the modulating signal, nature of the modulating signal and transmission rate of signalsџўType of modulation, nature of the modulating signal and type of information to be transmittedџўPower of signal being transmitted, nature of multiplexing and transmission speedоŒ-Ч}!!  ™(@џўE8B15BCџўWhat is one way that voice is transmitted in a pulse-width modulation system?џўA standard pulse is varied in amplitude by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instantџўThe position of a standard pulse is varied by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instantџўA standard pulse is varied in duration by an amount depending on the voice waveform at that instantџўThe number of standard pulses per second varies depending on the voice waveform at that instantЄ?жp!!  ˜,@џўE8B14BAџўIn a pulse width-modulation system, why is the transmitter's peak power much greater than its average power?џўThe signal duty cycle is less than 100%џўThe signal reaches peak amplitude only when voice modulatedџўThe signal reaches peak amplitude only when voltage spikes are generated within the modulatorџўThe signal reaches peak amplitude only when the pulses are also amplitude modulatedЉTѕИ!!  —,@ џўE8B13BDџўWhat is the deviation ratio of an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency swing of plus or minus 5 kHz and accepting a maximum modulation rate of 3 kHz?60џў0.167џў0.6џў1.67дЮЩТО!!  –@ џўE8B12BBџўWhat is the modulation index of an FM-phone transmitter producing a maximum carrier deviation of 6 kHz when modulated with a 2-kHz modulating frequency?џў60003џў2000џў3-JanаЩУСЛ!!  •$@ џўE8B11BAџўIn an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency deviation of 3000 Hz either side of the carrier frequency, what is the modulation index when the modulating frequency is 1000 Hz?3џў0.3џў3000џў1000штмзе!!  ”@ џўE8B10BDџўHow does the modulation index of a phase-modulated emission vary with RF carrier frequency (the modulated frequency)?џўIt increases as the RF carrier frequency increasesџўIt decreases as the RF carrier frequency increasesџўIt varies with the square root of the RF carrier frequencyџўIt does not depend on the RF carrier frequencyl<ܘ!!  “№?џўE8B08BDџўIf the third symbol of an ITU emission designator is D, representing data transmission, telemetry or telecommand, what information about the emission is described?џўThe maximum transmission rate, in baudsџўThe maximum permissible deviationџўThe nature of signals modulating the main carrierџўThe type of information to be transmittedpEяЦ!! + М І ё f р`eе>O Ј.@џўE8C07CCџўWhat is the necessary bandwidth of a 13-WPM international Morse code emission A1A transmission?џўApproximately 13 HzџўApproximately 26 HzџўApproximately 52 HzџўApproximately 104 HzзСЌ—‚!!  Ї@џўE8C06CAџўWhat type of error control system does Mode B AMTOR use?џўEach character is sent twiceџўThe receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS) against the transmitted FCSџўThe receiving station checks the calculated frame parity against the computer-sequencing clockџўThe receiving station automatically requests repeats when needed=нy[!!  І0@џўE8C05CDџўWhat type of error control system does Mode A AMTOR use?џўEach character is sent twiceџўThe receiving station checks the calculated frame check sequence (FCS) against the transmitted FCSџўThe receiving station checks the calculated frame parity against the transmitted parityџўThe receiving station automatically requests repeats when neededx6нy[!!  Ѕ@џўE8C04CBџўWhat digital communications system is well suited for meteor-scatter Communications at times other than during meteor showers?џўACSSBџўComputerized high speed CW (HSCW)џўAMTORџўSpread spectrumувЫЈЁ!!  Є*@џўE8C03CCџўWhat is one advantage of using the ASCII code for data communications?џўIt includes built-in error-correction featuresџўIt contains fewer information bits per character than any other codeџўIt is possible to transmit both upper and lower case textџўIt uses one character as a shift code to send numeric and special charactershп™i!!  Ѓ№?џўE8C02CBџўWhat are some of the differences between the Baudot digital code and ASCII?џўBaudot uses four data bits per character, ASCII uses seven; Baudot uses one character as a shift code, ASCII has no shift codeџўBaudot uses five data bits per character, ASCII uses seven; Baudot uses two characters as shift codes, ASCII has no shift codeџўBaudot uses six data bits per character, ASCII uses seven; Baudot has no shift code, ASCII uses two characters as shift codesџўBaudot uses seven data bits per character, ASCII uses eight; Baudot has no shift code, ASCII uses two characters as shift codesnэnюn!!  Ђ@џўE8C01CDџўWhat digital code consists of elements having unequal length?џўASCIIџўAX.25џўBaudotџўMorse code‚vng`!!  Ё@џўE8B24BAџўWhat is the deviation ratio of an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency swing of plus or minus 7.5 kHz and accepting a maximum modulation rate of 3.5 kHz?џў2.14џў0.214џў0.4747йеЯШТ!!   *@џўE8B23BBџўWhat is meant by deviation ratio?џўThe ratio of the audio modulating frequency to the center carrier frequencyџўThe ratio of the maximum carrier frequency deviation to the highest audio modulating frequencyџўThe ratio of the carrier center frequency to the audio modulating frequencyџўThe ratio of the highest audio modulating frequency to the average audio modulating frequency>ё‘D!!  Ÿ@џўE8B22BDџўIn an FM-phone signal, what is the term for the ratio between the deviation of the frequency modulated signal and the modulating frequency?џўFM compressibilityџўQuieting indexџўPercentage of modulationџўModulation indexўьвТЎ!!  ž"@џўE8B21BAџўHow are the pulses of a pulse-modulated signal usually transmitted?џўA pulse of relatively short duration is sent; a relatively long period of time separates each pulseџўA pulse of relatively long duration is sent; a relatively short period of time separates each pulseџўA group of short pulses are sent in a relatively short period of time; a relatively long period of time separates each groupџўA group of short pulses are sent in a relatively long period of time; a relatively short period of time separates each group,Ў0Ыf!! (DˆО ‘ ; ) Ю§трє.1R Ж"@џўE8D05DBџўWhat is the PEP output of a transmitter that has a maximum peak of 30 volts to a 50-ohm load as observed on an oscilloscope?џў4.5 wattsџў9 wattsџў16 wattsџў18 wattsЧНГЊŸ!!  Е$@џўE8D04DAџўWhat input-amplitude parameter is valuable in evaluating the signal-handling capability of a Class A amplifier?џўPeak voltageџўRMS voltageџўAn average reading power output meterџўResting voltageхд­ ’!!  Д@џўE8D03DBџўWhat is the relationship between the peak-to-peak voltage and the peak voltage amplitude in a symmetrical waveform?џў1:01џў2:01џў3:01џў4:01ЎЈЂœ–!!  Г@џўE8D02DAџўWhat is the easiest voltage amplitude dimension to measure by viewing a pure sine wave signal on an oscilloscope?џўPeak-to-peak voltageџўRMS voltageџўAverage voltageџўDC voltageдШЗЊ”!!  В@џўE8D01DDџўWhat is the term for the amplitude of the maximum positive excursion of a signal as viewed on an oscilloscope?џўPeak-to-peak voltageџўInverse peak negative voltageџўRMS voltageџўPeak positive voltageъгЦЇ‘!!  Б"@џўE8C16CBџўWhat reduces interference from spread-spectrum transmitters to conventional communications in the same band?џўA spread-spectrum transmitter avoids channels within the band which are in use by conventional transmittersџўSpread-spectrum signals appear only as low-level noise in conventional receiversџўSpread-spectrum signals change too rapidly to be detected by conventional receiversџўSpecial crystal filters are needed in conventional receivers to detect spread-spectrum signalsЃNќ!!  А@џўE8C15CDџўWhat makes spread-spectrum communications resistant to interference?џўInterfering signals are removed by a frequency-agile crystal filterџўSpread-spectrum transmitters use much higher power than conventional carrier-frequency transmittersџўSpread-spectrum transmitters can hunt for the best carrier frequency to use within a given RF spectrumџўOnly signals using the correct spreading sequence are receivedЙyЌg!!  Џ0@џўE8C14CCџўWhat controls the spreading sequence of an amateur spread-spectrum transmission?џўA frequency-agile linear amplifierџўA crystal-controlled filter linked to a high-speed crystal switching mechanismџўA binary linear-feedback shift registerџўA binary code which varies if propagation changesCч—s!!  Ў@ џўE8C13CBџўWhat spread-spectrum communications technique uses a very fast binary bit stream to shift the phase of an RF carrier?џўFrequency hoppingџўDirect sequenceџўBinary phase-shift keyingџўPhase compandored spread-spectrumњзМЋ˜!!  ­,@ џўE8C12CAџўWhat spread-spectrum communications technique alters the center frequency of a conventional carrier many times per second in accordance with a pseudo-random list of channels?џўFrequency hoppingџўDirect sequenceџўTime-domain frequency modulationџўFrequency compandored spread-spectrum>ѕфб!!  Ќ@ џўE8C11CDџўWhat term describes a wide-bandwidth communications system in which the RF carrier varies according to some predetermined sequence?џўAmplitude compandored single sidebandџўAMTORџўTime-domain frequency modulationџўSpread-spectrum communicationідЭІ!!  Ћ(@ џўE8C10CAџўWhat is the necessary bandwidth of a 4800-Hz frequency shift, 9600-baud ASCII emission F1D transmission?џў15.36 kHzџў9.6 kHzџў4.8 kHzџў5.76 kHzВЈŸ–‹!!  Њ@ џўE8C09CDџўWhat is the necessary bandwidth of a 1000-Hz shift, 1200-baud ASCII emission F1D transmission?џў1000 Hzџў1200 Hzџў440 Hzџў2400 HzЄ›“Š!!  Љ@џўE8C08CCџўWhat is the necessary bandwidth for a 170-hertz shift, 300-baud ASCII emission J2D transmission?џў0 Hzџў0.3 kHzџў0.5 kHzџў1.0 kHzЄ›’‰ƒ!! # 2ƒ  e P w™ЃЉIb K У&@ џўE9A01ACџўWhich of the following describes an isotropic radiator?џўA grounded radiator used to measure earth conductivityџўA horizontal radiator used to compare Yagi antennasџўA theoretical radiator used to compare other antennasџўA spacecraft radiator used to direct signals toward the earth=ўЧ’Z!!  Т*@џўE8D17DDџўIf an RMS reading voltmeter reads 34 volts on a sinusoidal waveform, what is the peak voltage?џў123 voltsџў96 voltsџў55 voltsџў48 voltsЊ –Œ!!  С,@џўE8D16DAџўWhat is the average power dissipated by a 50-ohm resistive load during one complete RF cycle having a peak voltage of 35 volts?џў12.2 wattsџў9.9 wattsџў24.5 wattsџў16 wattsЯХЙЎЂ!!  Р.@џўE8D15DDџўTo ensure you do not exceed the maximum allowable power, what kind of meter would you use to monitor the output signal of a properly adjusted single-sideband transmitter?џўAn SWR meter reading in the forward directionџўA modulation meterџўAn average reading wattmeterџўA peak-reading wattmeterH.ќЭ!!  П@џўE8D14DAџўAt approximately what speed do electromagnetic waves travel in free space?џў300 million meters per secondџў468 million meters per secondџў186,300 feet per secondџў300 million miles per secondтФЋŒm!!  О0@ џўE8D13DDџўWhat is the primary source of noise that can be heard in an HF-band receiver with an antenna connected?џўDetector noiseџўInduction motor noiseџўReceiver front-end noiseџўAtmospheric noiseоЫБšŠ!!  Н@ џўE8D12DAџўWhat is the polarization of an electromagnetic wave if its magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the Earth?џўHorizontalџўCircularџўEllipticalџўVerticalЦМАІš!!  М№? џўE8D11DDџўWhat is the polarization of an electromagnetic wave if its magnetic field is parallel to the surface of the Earth?џўCircularџўHorizontalџўEllipticalџўVerticalСЗЋŸ•!!  Л№? џўE8D10DBџўWhat is meant by circularly polarized electromagnetic waves?џўWaves with an electric field bent into a circular shapeџўWaves with a rotating electric fieldџўWaves that circle the EarthџўWaves produced by a loop antenna§лΘ_!!  К&@ џўE8D09DDџўWhich of the following best describes electromagnetic waves traveling in free space?џўElectric and magnetic fields become aligned as they travelџўThe energy propagates through a medium with a high refractive indexџўThe waves are reflected by the ionosphere and return to their sourceџўChanging electric and magnetic fields propagate the energy across a vacuumŠ>јГw!!  Й,@џўE8D08DCџўWhat is an electromagnetic wave?џўAlternating currents in the core of an electromagnetџўA wave consisting of two electric fields at right angles to each otherџўA wave consisting of an electric field and a magnetic field at right angles to each otherџўA wave consisting of two magnetic fields at right angles to each otherdСyC!!  И.@џўE8D07DAџўWhat is the advantage of using a peak-reading voltmeter to monitor the output of a single-sideband transmitter?џўIt would be easy to calculate the PEP output of the transmitterџўIt would be easy to calculate the RMS output power of the transmitterџўIt would be easy to calculate the SWR on the transmission lineџўIt would be easy to observe the output amplitude variations—Zг’!!  З*@џўE8D06DDџўIf an RMS reading AC voltmeter reads 65 volts on a sinusoidal waveform, what is the peak-to-peak voltage?џў46 voltsџў92 voltsџў130 voltsџў184 voltsЖЋ –Œ!! % Йћ @ ! С b d)ті“K Я@ џўE9A13AAџўHow can the approximate beamwidth of a beam antenna be determined?џўNote the two points where the signal strength of the antenna is down 3 dB from the maximum signal point and compute the angular differenceџўMeasure the ratio of the signal strengths of the radiated power lobes from the front and rear of the antennaџўDraw two imaginary lines through the ends of the elements and measure the angle between the linesџўMeasure the ratio of the signal strengths of the radiated power lobes from the front and side of the antenna0Т_ёe!!  Ю @ џўE9A12ABџўWhat is meant by antenna bandwidth?џўAntenna length divided by the number of elementsџўThe frequency range over which an antenna can be expected to perform wellџўThe angle between the half-power radiation pointsџўThe angle formed between two imaginary lines drawn through the ends of the elementsKіУxF!!  Э$@ џўE9A11AAџўWhat is meant by antenna gain?џўThe numerical ratio relating the radiated signal strength of an antenna to that of another antennaџўThe numerical ratio of the signal in the forward direction to the signal in the back directionџўThe numerical ratio of the amount of power radiated by an antenna compared to the transmitter output powerџўThe final amplifier gain minus the transmission-line losses (including any phasing lines present)дqЅA!!  Ь$@ џўE9A10ACџўWhat is a folded dipole antenna?џўA dipole one-quarter wavelength longџўA type of ground-plane antennaџўA dipole whose ends are connected by a one-half wavelength piece of wireџўA hypothetical antenna used in theoretical discussions to replace the radiation resistance/г‰iC!!  Ы*@ џўE9A09ADџўWhat is included in the total resistance of an antenna system?џўRadiation resistance plus space impedanceџўRadiation resistance plus transmission resistanceџўTransmission-line resistance plus radiation resistanceџўRadiation resistance plus ohmic resistance#їПŒa!!  Ъ(@ џўE9A08ACџўWhat is the term for the ratio of the radiation resistance of an antenna to the total resistance of the system?џўEffective radiated powerџўRadiation conversion lossџўAntenna efficiencyџўBeamwidthцлЧЌ’!!  Щ@ џўE9A07ABџўWhat factors determine the radiation resistance of an antenna?џўTransmission-line length and antenna heightџўAntenna location with respect to nearby objects and the conductors' length/diameter ratioџўIt is a physical constant and is the same for all antennasџўSunspot activity and time of dayG%щŽa!!  Ш@ џўE9A06AAџўWhy would one need to know the feed point impedance of an antenna?џўTo match impedances for maximum power transferџўTo measure the near-field radiation density from a transmitting antennaџўTo calculate the front-to-side ratio of the antennaџўTo calculate the front-to-back ratio of the antennaHо•e!!  Ч @ џўE9A05ACџўWhich of the following describes the radiation pattern of an isotropic radiator?џўA teardrop in the vertical planeџўA circle in the horizontal planeџўA sphere with the antenna in the centerџўCrossed polarized with a spiral shapeрЗ•s!!  Ц№? џўE9A04ADџўWhich of the following antennas has no gain in any direction?џўQuarter-wave verticalџўYagiџўHalf-wave dipoleџўIsotropic radiatorЃ}w`!!  Х@ џўE9A03ABџўHow much gain does a 1/2-wavelength dipole have over an isotropic radiator?џўAbout 1.5 dBџўAbout 2.1 dBџўAbout 3.0 dBџўAbout 6.0 dBІ˜Š|n!!  Ф*@ џўE9A02AAџўWhen is it useful to refer to an isotropic radiator?џўWhen comparing the gains of directional antennasџўWhen testing a transmission line for standing-wave ratioџўWhen directing a transmission toward the tropical latitudesџўWhen using a dummy load to tune a transmitter/У‰W!! -Ы Р л є  f<tХ7›kY о(@ џўE9B08BAџўIf the boom of a Yagi antenna is lengthened and the elements are properly retuned, what usually occurs?џўThe gain increasesџўThe SWR decreasesџўThe front-to-back ratio increasesџўThe gain bandwidth decreases rapidlyњдБžŠ!!  н@ џўE9B07BBџўWhat usually occurs if a Yagi antenna is designed solely for maximum forward gain?џўThe front-to-back ratio increasesџўThe feed-point impedance becomes very lowџўThe frequency response is widened over the whole frequency bandџўThe SWR is reducedӘu!!  м@ џўE9B06BDџўWhich is NOT an important reason to evaluate a gain antenna across the whole frequency band for which it was designed?џўThe gain may fall off rapidly over the whole frequency bandџўThe feed-point impedance may change radically with frequencyџўThe rearward pattern lobes may vary excessively with frequencyџўThe dielectric constant may vary significantly„Tж™!!  л0@ џўE9B05BDџўWhat information is needed to accurately evaluate the gain of an antenna?џўRadiation resistanceџўE-Field and H-Field patternsџўLoss resistanceџўAll of these choicesЧБ ‚l!!  к@ џўE9B04BBџўIn the free-space H-field pattern shown in Figure E9-1, what is the front-to-side ratio?џў12 dBџў14 dBџў18 dBџў24 dB—‰‚{!!  й"@ џўE9B03BBџўIn the free-space H-Field pattern shown in Figure E9-1, what is the front-to-back ratio?џў36 dBџў18 dBџў24 dBџў14 dB—‰‚{!!  и.@ џўE9B02BBџўIn the free-space H-Field radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-1, what is the 3-dB beamwidth?џў75 degreesџў50 degreesџў25 degreesџў30 degreesАЄ˜Œ€!!  з@ џўE9B01BCџўWhat determines the free-space polarization of an antenna?џўThe orientation of its magnetic field (H Field)џўThe orientation of its free-space characteristic impedanceџўThe orientation of its electric field (E Field)џўIts elevation patternћЪŽ]!!  ж.@ џўE9A20ACџўWhat is meant by the radiation resistance of an antenna?џўThe combined losses of the antenna elements and feed lineџўThe specific impedance of the antennaџўThe equivalent resistance that would dissipate the same amount of power as that radiated from an antennaџўThe resistance in the atmosphere that an antenna must overcome to be able to radiate a signal†'Н–[!!  е@ џўE9A19ADџўWhich of the following describes the directivity of an isotropic radiator?џўDirectivity in the E planeџўDirectivity in the H planeџўDirectivity in the Z planeџўNo directivity at allиСЅ‰m!!  д&@ џўE9A18ABџўHow much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 12 dB gain over an isotropic radiator?џўAbout 6.1 dBџўAbout 9.9 dBџўAbout 12.0 dBџўAbout 14.1 dBЯРБЃ•!!  г$@ џўE9A17AAџўHow much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 6 dB gain over an isotropic radiator?џўAbout 3.9 dBџўAbout 6.0 dBџўAbout 8.1 dBџўAbout 10.0 dBЭОАЂ”!!  в.@ џўE9A16ADџўWhat theoretical reference antenna provides a comparison for antenna measurements?џўQuarter-wave verticalџўYagiџўBobtail curtainџўIsotropic radiatorЗЃ’Œu!!  б@ џўE9A15AAџўHow can the efficiency of an HF grounded vertical antenna be made comparable to that of a half-wave dipole antenna?џўBy installing a good ground radial systemџўBy isolating the coax shield from groundџўBy shortening the verticalџўBy lengthening the vertical$ыС–!!  а@ џўE9A14ABџўHow is antenna efficiency calculated?џў(radiation resistance / transmission resistance) x 100%џў(radiation resistance / total resistance) x 100%џў(total resistance / radiation resistance) x 100%џў(effective radiated power / transmitter output) x 100%хГH!! В O   п ІlMШ^ж щ@ џўE9C09CCџўWhat are the disadvantages of a terminated rhombic antenna for the HF bands?џўA large area for proper installation and a narrow bandwidthџўA large area for proper installation and a low front-to-back ratioџўA large area and four sturdy supports for proper installationџўA large amount of aluminum tubing and a low front-to-back ratiop/№Ќo!!  ш*@ џўE9C08CAџўWhat are the advantages of a terminated rhombic antenna?џўWide frequency range, high gain and high front-to-back ratioџўHigh front-to-back ratio, compact size and high gainџўUnidirectional radiation pattern, high gain and compact sizeџўBidirectional radiation pattern, high gain and wide frequency rangeR Я™[!!  ч*@ џўE9C07CBџўWhich of the following is the best description of a resonant rhombic antenna?џўUnidirectional; four-sided, each side a half-wavelength long; terminated in a resistance equal to its characteristic impedanceџўBidirectional; four-sided, each side approximately one wavelength long; open at the end opposite the transmission line connectionџўFour-sided; an LC network at each vertex except for the transmission connection; tuned to resonate at the operating frequencyџўFour-sided, each side of a different physical length; traps at each vertex for changing resonance according to band usagemђs№p!!  ц@ џўE9C06CBџўWhat is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4-wavelength apart and fed in phase?џўSubstantially unidirectionalџўEllipticalџўCardioid unidirectionalџўFigure-8 end-fire in line with the antennasкСЕ—!!  х @ џўE9C05CDџўWhat is the radiation pattern for two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/8-wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?џўOmnidirectionalџўCardioid unidirectionalџўFigure-8 broadside to the antennasџўFigure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas"ѕбИЇ!!  ф@ џўE9C04CDџўWhat is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4-wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?џўOmnidirectionalџўCardioid unidirectionalџўFigure-8 broadside to the antennasџўFigure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas!єаЗІ!!  у№? џўE9C03CCџўWhat is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/2-wavelength apart and fed in phase?џўOmnidirectionalџўCardioid unidirectionalџўFigure-8 broadside to the antennasџўFigure-8 end-fire in line with the antennasфРЇ–!!  т(@ џўE9C02CAџўWhat is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4-wavelength apart and fed 90 degrees out of phase?џўUnidirectional cardioidџўFigure-8 end-fireџўFigure-8 broadsideџўOmnidirectionalіхбОЅ!!  с№? џўE9C01CDџўWhat is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/2-wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?џўUnidirectional cardioidџўOmnidirectionalџўFigure-8 broadside to the antennasџўFigure-8 end-fire in line with the antennas!єаПІ!!  р№? џўE9B10BAџўWhat is the principle of a Method of Moments analysis?џўA wire is modeled as a series of segments, each having a distinct value of currentџўA wire is modeled as a single sine-wave current generatorџўA wire is modeled as a series of points, each having a distinct location in spaceџўA wire is modeled as a series of segments, each having a distinct value of voltage across it™;ш­Y!!  п @ џўE9B09BBџўWhat type of computer program is commonly used for modeling antennas?џўGraphical analysisџўMethod of MomentsџўMutual impedance analysisџўCalculus differentiation with respect to physical propertiesшЊ|h!! 3kŸ У  S ј O № @ џўE9C16CCџўIf only a modest on-ground radial system can be used with an eighth-wavelength-high, inductively loaded vertical antenna, what would be the best compromise to minimize near-field losses?џў4 radial wires, 1 wavelength longџў8 radial wires, a half-wavelength longџўA wire-mesh screen at the antenna base, an eighth-wavelength squareџў4 radial wires, 2 wavelengths long‘m(н!!  я@ џўE9C15CDџўHow is the far-field elevation pattern of a vertically polarized antenna affected by being mounted over seawater versus rocky ground?џўThe low-angle radiation decreasesџўThe high-angle radiation increasesџўBoth the high- and low-angle radiation decreaseџўThe low-angle radiation increasesC яЫЈ!!  ю@ џўE9C14CAџўIn the H field antenna radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-2, how many elevation lobes appear in the forward direction?4317ЃЁŸ›!!  э@ џўE9C13CBџўIn the H field antenna radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-2, what is the front-to-back ratio?џў15 dBџў28 dBџў3 dBџў24 dB–‰‚!!  ь@ џўE9C12CCџўIn the H field antenna radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-2, what is the elevation angle of the peak response?џў45 degreesџў75 degreesџў7.5 degreesџў25 degreesФИЋŸ“!!  ы @ џўE9C11CAџўWhat type of antenna pattern over real ground is shown in Figure E9-2?џўElevation patternџўAzimuth patternџўE-Plane patternџўPolarization patternДž|i!!  ъ"@ џўE9C10CBџўWhat is the effect of a terminating resistor on a rhombic antenna?џўIt reflects the standing waves on the antenna elements back to the transmitterџўIt changes the radiation pattern from essentially bidirectional to essentially unidirectionalџўIt changes the radiation pattern from horizontal to vertical polarizationџўIt decreases the ground loss}_Еe!! 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•уRQuestion NumberЄ„ВІ/-Iи†–жйv7–cЂpњBЁŽ •уRAnswerƒX˜2XьD‘ŽЌ>Ÿ$ш•7–cЂpњBЁŽ •уRQuestionŸЫ@žЃKSN„AŽ*FюЯ7–cЂpњBЁŽ •уRChoice Aр-yGGИ•гЭoб7–cЂpњBЁŽ •уRChoice BоЄN:цM9AžРТѕтб Щ7–cЂpњBЁŽ •уRChoice CЫYp$РdD™ПuЋe!7–cЂpњBЁŽ •уRChoice Dмœ  Q_Testн Random1ч  @ Arialџd2œ€žЬ€§e12§g23I75§hg#h%ф" @MS Sans Serif§i1g4цh5тџ§j1g4цh5тџ§k1§l23I:§mf4œ€ŸЬ€Оџ§n2€ŸЬ€§o2€ Ь€§p5§r35I§zi#j%щ" @MS Sans Serif§{5§™`,œ€п FormHeaderчx ѓЖpфд{%BЎКЛЇbop꧘`,фœ€п  Detailчx '>-B{ЦNИDЕ]В cџ m7ŸUF{`6ta,b–ќc,џeІXi# м Question Numberн Question Numberш" @ Arialѕ Question_Numberњx ^)БdzЄ6C…t­сE зўd5ŸU7ˆ`6<a,b–ќc,џd# м *Question Number_Labelн #о" @ Arialх *Question_Number_Labelъx ”‘˜ъIГ№џD #§m”7ŸUF{`6taќb–Єc,џeІсi# kм  Answerн  Answerш" @ Arialњx •Оj<ђ‹ BŠCц6xўd5ŸU`6<aќb–ќc,џd# м Answer_Labelн  Answerо" @ Arialъx 3.uNœйыз\‰щ§m J2˜7ŸUF{`6РaЬb–Фc,`eІИ i# kŸЬџм Questionн Questionш" @ Arialњx  ‘{RЖіќK‚ѕЖѕцрEўd5ŸU`6<aЬb–Hc,џd# м Question_Labelн Questionо" @ Arialъx €q:ФrEBБъЄ0TpСПšLVALЊ§m J2˜7ŸUF{`6Пaє b–Фc,`eІИ i# kм Choice Aн Choice Aш" @ Arialѕ Choice_Aњx &ь*S1пKIЋvŒWJW%§m J2˜7ŸUF{`6Пa№b–Фc,`eІИ i# kм Choice Bн Choice Bш" @ Arialѕ Choice_Bњx AЎ~EЮ!B…љЪЄ:EЖр§m J2˜7ŸUF{`6Пaьb–Фc,`eІИ i# kм Choice Cн Choice Cш" @ Arialѕ Choice_Cњx ~Э–-јˆHŒUљ€}ˆІi§m J2˜7ŸUF{`6Пaшb–Фc,`eІИ i# kм Choice Dн Choice Dш" @ Arialѕ Choice_Dњx ўѕƒX„ЉсDЊ­=z>BP§h1ŸU`6Ј a c,•g# iм Command18н Show Answerп~ "[Event Procedure]ф" @ Arialѕx ?pЅT—`§AЌa)b*eЁ gžh6JiЛjд+k c ?РРРЮl­PОUу@аx ГиfžЯxLЂЉ%U)rћ—бy Ž ЬUш"ї šхNПC?F{Jv{Vу@Q_TestScoreSummaryRvшшj8IЏЙР0Е(>ш"ї šхNПC?F{TestScoreмœ $Q_TestScoreSummaryн Test Scoreч  @ ArialІЇЈЈџd2о" @ Tahoma§mf45Iш" @ TahomaОџ§˜`,@ œ€п  Detailчx U V"OЮGѕ‡‰џm7ŸU;ˆF{`6Ј a b– c,i#kм  Text0н TestScoreш" @ Arialњx ФЬі“wFРHгОš•ўd5ŸU7ˆ`6a b– c,d#м  Label1н Test Scoreо" @ Arialъx *6@“‚i"V(а§m7ŸUF{`6a№b–c,м  Text2њx Вwо'ys+KИмTщё1\Ђўd5ŸU`6| a№b–c,<м  Label3н  Text2:ъx мЯ=}ž KЄ(MЅ&ФГ§їъЭЌ–"џџџџЋšћтзЄfHЉн’і$Œ˜Detailh Command3h Command5h Command6h Command7h Command8їъЭЌ–"џџџџж§VmшрOЅ/M™ГШhJ™FormHeader˜DetailmQuestion_NumberQuestion Numberd Question_Number_LabelQuestion Number_LabelmAnswerd Answer_LabelmQuestiond Question_LabelmChoice_AChoice Am Choice_BChoice Bm Choice_CChoice Cm Choice_DChoice Dh Command18h Command19kFrame44d Label45iOption47d Label48iOption49d Label50iOption51d Label52iOption53d Label54šFormFooterџSequence NumberџRandom NumberџReferenceџAnsAџAnsTrue 4CB0 0CB0 1CB0 2CB0 3CB0 5CB0ScoreTest All TestScoreTestStartMenu&Test Score ViewerTestChapterїъЭЌ–"џџџџщпКЕёa)b*c–Р!eЁ gž7h68itj6k X  ?РРРЮlоІfщ[у@аx /2FH†ФM}Š—Y‹бy  ЬUD5ВА •Eœх4›k cЇЗк&69>у@ScoreTestTable ЛPь7гN’5NЂ“%ВŽD5ВА •Eœх4›k cЇQuestion Number%šЭџtŽJЅv6.˜№ђD5ВА •Eœх4›k cЇAnswerЙЬ€_оДFЗ{:XпV№UD5ВА •Eœх4›k cЇQuestionСО‚y|ЋIПi‰й“ЅfрD5ВА •Eœх4›k cЇChoice A>–]ЭіьEЎ,ЫYDкЉD5ВА •Eœх4›k cЇChoice BМА‚{АїгFЉ. )>UD5ВА •Eœх4›k cЇChoice CЂ\%ОM‡іIT§-OD5ВА •Eœх4›k cЇChoice D@‘!Œ=ГEАжПњi@X2D5ВА •Eœх4›k cЇAnsAмœ ScoreTestTableн Random1ч  @ Arialџd2œ€žЬ€§e12§g23I75§hg#h%ф" @MS Sans Serif§i1g4цh5тџ§j1g4цh5тџ§k1§l23I:§mf4œ€ŸЬ€Оџ§n2€ŸЬ€§o2€ Ь€§p5§r35I§zi#j%щ" @MS Sans Serif§{5§™`,œ€п FormHeaderчx пG›z+HЋŸДWƒC`H§˜`,фœ€п  Detailчx ОсЬЫЭJЅoœ"Ђ1њ'џ m 7ŸUF{`6ta,b–ќc,џeІXi# kм Question Numberн Question Numberш" @ Arialѕ Question_Numberњx M&lKЁ‰Ÿ;šoў§i2ŸW`6haHœ:м Option49єx оюћDєРFƒ2Ч Ursќўd5Ÿї`6Na,b–Дc,№м Label50н Ž LVALž Bъx гЈ!нИ—MHАХй"hEф§i2ŸW`6haDœ:м Option51єx Jw‰нaG~ќјU€n~ўd5Ÿї`6Na(b–Дc,№м Label52н Cъx Ќbp.MљNš.ЇPuБ)§i2ŸW`6ha@œ:м Option53єx ‹зa7Ъ ЫL ~ЃУ‘ўd5Ÿї`6Na$b–Уc,№м Label54н Dъx 'Ї›5№FННvŸ;^=§š`,œ€п FormFooterчx {Џа9эLЅAќ13^Љ*§LVAL#ŽХf–$:FSu0“1-2˜3’8є=5B>a)b*eЁ gž h6јiM j3k ~ ?РРРЮleл‡Vу@аx Ÿ–†жо№NJ‡МвFЃ1УЙбy  ЬUч  @ ArialІЇЈЈџhg#h%Ь€ф" @ Tahoma§˜`,@ œ€п  Detailчx Ÿšš!“GЁLК5љ6тŠкџh1ŸU`6”aЄb–И c,рg# м Command3н Start Testп~ "[Event Procedure]ф" @ Arialѕx СыйЅd”H]ѓx§OБ §h1ŸU`6”a(b–И c,•g# iм Command5н Show Test Scoreп~ "[Event Procedure]ф" @ Arialѕx oзЈ$z*#BŽсЂvыЯ§h1ŸU`6Xaрb–€c,•g# iм Command6н Allп~ "[Event Procedure]ф" @ Arialѕx ИqД/ЄиEˆвЭљ@ƒІ§h1ŸU`6ќa(b–@c,@iм Command7н Command7п~ "[Event Procedure]уМ џџ@( ПППППППППРРРРмР№ШЄ№ћџЄ  €€€џџџџџџџџџџџџљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљџџџџљљљџџљљљџџџџљљџџљљљљљљљљљџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџљљљљљљљљљџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџљљљљљљљљљљљљљџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџљљљљљљљљљљљљџџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџљљљљљљљљљљљџџџљљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџџџџљљљљљљљџџџљљљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџљљџџљљљљљџџџљљљљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџљљџџљљљљљџџљљљљљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџљљџџљљљљљџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџљљџџљљљљљџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљљџџљџџљљџџљљљљљљџџџџљџџџџџџљџџџџљљџџџџџљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљ LVAL  љљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљљэc џџПППППППППРРРРмРЄШ№џћ№  Є€€€џџџџџџџџџџџџё= Quit Appѕx уцЈ{‰…DDo•}..i§h1ŸU`6”aМb–И c,рg# iм Command8н $Start Chapter Testп~ "[Event Procedure]ф" @ Arialѕx cєW9=CПOБндь„ДПˆ§LVAL#ŽХh–u0“68є=5B>a)b*c–Р!eЁ gž7h68iАj6k …  ?РРРЮlZMЕoу@аx €S іьˆУGˆвЗЖэѕбy № ЬUпШёп“FОyЭw‚Yxк§ОDВoу@Q_All Extra StartCі|г‚žF‘HєћU&нпШёп“FОyЭw‚YxкQuestion NumberЄ„ВІ/-Iи†–жйvпШёп“FОyЭw‚YxкAnswerƒX˜2XьD‘ŽЌ>Ÿ$ш•пШёп“FОyЭw‚YxкQuestionŸЫ@žЃKSN„AŽ*FюЯпШёп“FОyЭw‚YxкChoice Aр-yGGИ•гЭoбпШёп“FОyЭw‚YxкChoice BоЄN:цM9AžРТѕтб ЩпШёп“FОyЭw‚YxкChoice CЫYp$РdD™ПuЋe!пШёп“FОyЭw‚YxкChoice Dмœ "Q_All Extra Startн All In Orderч  @ Arialџd2œ€žЬ€§e12§g23I75§hg#h%ф" @MS Sans Serif§i1g4цh5тџ§j1g4цh5тџ§k1§l23I:§mf4œ€ŸЬ€Оџ§n2€ŸЬ€§o2€ Ь€§p5§r35I§zi#j%щ" @MS Sans Serif§{5§™`,œ€п FormHeaderчx &€РFVjLГ •QjеџЎ§˜`,фœ€п  Detailчx iУ;kGЄ›KЙ8fЏUџ m 7ŸUF{`6ta,b–ќc,џeІXi# kм Question Numberн Question Numberш" @ Arialѕ Question_Numberњx cЩъTвЈHК”я3WW9фўd5ŸU7ˆ`6<a,b–ќc,џd# м *Question Number_Labelн #о" @ Arialх *Question_Number_Labelъx Nвh3cЇбAЌ_Yж,GY™§m”7ŸUF{`6taќb–Єc,џeІсi# kм  Answerн  Answerш" @ Arialњx ЄvЛЖЧOКJ›ѕЖ›ТЁ†Iўd5ŸU`6<aќb–ќc,џd# м Answer_Labelн  Answerо" @ Arialъx мКrп\HƒslZк§?Я§m  J2˜7ŸUF{`6РaЬb–Фc,`eІИ i# kŸЬџм Questionн Questionш" @ Arialњx mч4є,ІAЙ§С… <ўd5ŸU`6<aЬb–Hc,џd# м QuestioLVALin_Labelн Questionо" @ Arialъx Эj‘дž2O€“ВвT}ДŸ§m  J2˜7ŸUF{`6Пaє b–Фc,`eІИ i# kм Choice Aн Choice Aш" @ Arialѕ Choice_Aњx _]7з7>D(oxlP€Z§m  J2˜7ŸUF{`6Пa№b–Фc,`eІИ i# kм Choice Bн Choice Bш" @ Arialѕ Choice_Bњx ІЪѕаЦt/GЏІеJ Ъ§m  J2˜7ŸUF{`6Пaьb–Фc,`eІИ i# kм Choice Cн Choice Cш" @ Arialѕ Choice_Cњx ‚юŠ'ВAŠБщ єmФЮ§m  J2˜7ŸUF{`6Пaшb–Фc,`eІИ i# k м Choice Dн Choice Dш" @ Arialѕ Choice_Dњx С—Ю#ШF˜ьwуEЄџе§h1ŸU`6Ј a c,•g# iм Command18н Show Answerп~ "[Event Procedure]ф" @ Arialѕx ‡КнВЗ@Љщ ДнmЏ§h1ŸU`6Taаb–@c,@iм Command19н Command19п~ "[Event Procedure]уМ џџш(€€€€€€€€€€€€€РРРџРРРџџџРРРџџџџџкккккккк­­­­­­­­кккккккк­­­­­­­­кккЪкккк­­­Ь­­­­кккЬЪккк­­­ЬЬ­­­кккЬЬЪкк­­­ЬЬ­­­кккЬЪккк­­­Ь­­­­кккЪкккк­­­­­­­­кккккккк­­­­­­­­эc џџH€€€€€€€€€€€€РРРџРРРџџџРРРџџџџџё= Next Recordѕx Гю‘@ИhХ”Y*§k5ŸU`6,aP b–^c,Ђм Frame44н AnsAєx "і2muиJˆE@Сѓлџd25Ÿз`6ЄaŒ b–юc,№м Label45н Choose 1ъx Ugц›u;zDНxи lG-§i2ŸW`6haˆ œ:м Option47єx wьBџТBDЃџZK“žўd5Ÿї`6Nal b–Дc,№м Label48н Aъx ЉІs­а—AГLИЪЩYхЬ§i2ŸW`6haHœ:м Option49єx яЃ~НjИO‘3ЪM[с­ўd5Ÿї`6Na,b–Дc,№м Label50н Bъx –QѕЩѓяxLѕ—ž@?ƒa§Н LVALЭ i2ŸW`6haDœ:м Option51єx пћ[XKЎЊ­вžЕзїўd5Ÿї`6Na(b–Дc,№м Label52н Cъx %=NqЁSЕHЂяфБoЮЊ§i2ŸW`6ha@œ:м Option53єx хї`yIN‚[”Ї„›?_ўd5Ÿї`6Na$b–Уc,№м Label54н Dъx ;ЯщДЭIo@˜еЁ;W:Н§š`,œ€п FormFooterчx TвџМ`mOЗ7švЁj§РLVAL} — ~ђfкrU€€€ џџџџџџџџ„$`P џџџџџџџџ$A`T џџџџџџџџnrU€€€ џџџџџџџџ„$`8 џџџџџџџџ$A`< џџџџџџџџnrU€€€ џџџџџџџџp$`Ь џџџџџџџџ$A`а џџџџџџџџnœфˆuc зэIчџџŠЖџџџџџџџџlџџ9БqtмщˆFАТP€RVт НлXР!jCБЁ:xrТЅФzЗЊ0Ыž+BЙQ=ЛЉ#AџџџџџџџџџџџџxzЗЊ0Ыž+BЙQ=ЛЉ#A9БqtмщˆFАТP€RVтџџMEџџџџџџџџџџпџџ4џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџ [LџџџџS џџџџSџџџџ>ЂџџџџLџџџџLџџџџџџџџLџџџџџџџџџџџџ”џџџџLџџџџLџџџџ<8џџ<<џџ<џџџџџџN0{58DBBD0C-21C0-436A-B1A1-3A7872C2A5C4} 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